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Shloka 11

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय 54: फल्गुन-प्रतिरोधः, सौबली-व्यूह-विध्वंसः, दुर्योधन-भीष्म-संवादः

यथानलं प्रज्वलितं पतड़्ा: समभिद्रुता: । विनाशायोपगच्छन्ति तथा मे सैनिको जन:

sañjaya uvāca |

yathānalaṃ prajvalitaṃ pataṅgāḥ samabhidrutāḥ |

vināśāyopagacchanti tathā me sainiko janaḥ ||

Sañjaya disse: “Assim como as mariposas, arremetendo, voam para um fogo em brasa apenas para encontrar a destruição, assim também meus soldados avançam para a própria ruína.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अनलम्fire
अनलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रज्वलितम्blazing, kindled
प्रज्वलितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रज्वलित (प्र + √ज्वल्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पतङ्गाःmoths
पतङ्गाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपतङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समभिद्रुताःrushing towards, running up to
समभिद्रुताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमभिद्रुत (सम् + अभि + √द्रु/द्रव्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विनाशायfor destruction
विनाशाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविनाश
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
उपगच्छन्तिthey go/approach
उपगच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + √गम्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
मेmy
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सैनिकःmilitary, belonging to the army
सैनिकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसैनिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जनःpeople, host (of men)
जनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'my soldiers' in context)
B
Bhīṣma (contextual referent in surrounding passage)
F
fire (anala)
M
moths (pataṅga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tragic momentum of war: when judgment is clouded by fear, loyalty, or compulsion, people may rush toward certain harm—like moths drawn to flame. It implicitly critiques leadership and collective delusion that drive a force toward self-destruction.

Sañjaya describes the Kaurava soldiers’ approach to battle as suicidal, using the image of moths plunging into a blazing fire. In the immediate context, the ‘fire’ is the overwhelming martial power they are facing (notably Bhīṣma), and Sañjaya conveys the sense of inevitable slaughter.