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Shloka 15

Bhīṣma-parva Adhyāya 16 — Saṃjaya’s Boon, Bhīṣma’s Protection, and the Dawn Arraying of Armies

शकुनि: सौबल: शल्य: सैन्धवो5थ जयद्रथ: । विन्दानुविन्दौ कैकेया: काम्बोजस्य सुदक्षिण:,सुबलपुत्र शकुनि, शल्य, स्विन्धुनरेश जयद्रथ, विन्द-अनुविन्द, केकयराजकुमार, काम्बोजराज सुदक्षिण, कलिंगराज श्रुतायुध, राजा जयत्सेन, कोशलनरेश बृहद्वधल तथा भोजवंशी कृतवर्मा--ये दस पुरुषसिंह शूरवीर क्षत्रिय एक-एक अक्षौहिणी सेनाके अधिनायक थे। इनकी भुजाएँ परिघोंके समान मोटी दिखायी देती थीं। इन सबने बड़े-बड़े यज्ञ किये थे और उनमें प्रचुर दक्षिणाएँ दी थीं

sañjaya uvāca |

śakuniḥ saubalaḥ śalyaḥ saindhavo 'tha jayadrathaḥ |

vindānuvindau kaikeyāḥ kāmbojasya sudakṣiṇaḥ ||

Disse Sañjaya: Śakuni, filho de Subala; Śalya; e Jayadratha, senhor do Sindhu; Vinda e Anuvinda, príncipes de Kekaya; e Sudakṣiṇa de Kāmboja—esses heróis kṣatriyas, célebres e afamados, foram contados entre os principais líderes do lado Kaurava. No enquadramento ético de Sañjaya, a enumeração mostra como vasto poder e linhagem celebrada se reuniram para uma guerra cuja retidão é contestada, intensificando a tragédia quando o dharma é tensionado por ambição e lealdade.

शकुनिःShakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सौबलःSaubala (son of Subala)
सौबलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सैन्धवःthe Sindhu king (Saindhava)
सैन्धवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
जयद्रथःJayadratha
जयद्रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजयद्रथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विन्दाVinda
विन्दा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविन्दा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुविन्दौAnuvinda (the two: Vinda and Anuvinda)
अनुविन्दौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुविन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
कैकेयाःthe Kaikeyas
कैकेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकैकेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
काम्बोजस्यof Kamboja
काम्बोजस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्बोज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुदक्षिणःSudakshina
सुदक्षिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुदक्षिण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
S
Shakuni
S
Subala
S
Shalya
J
Jayadratha
S
Sindhu (Saindhava kingdom)
V
Vindā
A
Anuvindā
K
Kekaya
S
Sudakshina
K
Kamboja

Educational Q&A

The verse functions as an ethical warning through narrative: even eminent, well-born, and powerful rulers can be drawn into adharma when loyalty and ambition override justice. The grandeur of names and titles contrasts with the moral peril of the war they support.

Sanjaya is enumerating prominent Kaurava-aligned kings and warriors—Shakuni, Shalya, Jayadratha, Vindā-Anuvindā, and Sudakshina—within a broader catalogue of commanders and forces assembled for the Kurukshetra battle.