Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 48

Bhīṣma-nipāta-saṃvāda — Sañjaya’s Report of Bhīṣma’s Fall (भीष्मनिपातसंवादः)

तमिन्द्रसमकर्माणं ककुदं सर्वधन्विनाम्‌ । हतं शंससि मे भीष्म कि नु दुःखमत: परम्‌,पूर्वकालमें अम्बाके लिये उद्यत होकर सम्पूर्ण अस्त्रवेत्ताओंमें श्रेष्ठ जमदग्निनन्दन परशुराम युद्ध करनेके लिये आये थे, परंतु भीष्मने उन्हें परास्त कर दिया, उन्हीं इन्द्रके समान पराक्रमी तथा सम्पूर्ण धनुर्धरोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्मको तुम मारा गया कह रहे हो, इससे बढ़कर दुःखकी बात और क्या हो सकती है?

tam indrasama-karmāṇaṁ kakudaṁ sarva-dhanvinām | hataṁ śaṁsasi me bhīṣma ki nu duḥkham ataḥ param ||

Tu me anuncias que Bhīṣma—cujos feitos se igualavam aos de Indra, o cume e o primeiro entre todos os arqueiros—foi morto. Que tristeza poderia ser maior do que esta? Aquele que, por Ambā, enfrentou o poderoso Paraśurāma, filho de Jamadagni e mestre de todas as armas, e ainda assim o venceu—como se pode dizer que um herói assim caiu?

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इन्द्रसमकर्माणम्whose deeds are equal to Indra’s / Indra-like in action
इन्द्रसमकर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइन्द्र-सम-कर्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ककुदम्the chief, the foremost (lit. hump/peak)
ककुदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootककुद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वधन्विनाम्of all archers
सर्वधन्विनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-धन्विन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
हतम्slain
हतम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
शंससिyou declare/tell
शंससि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
भीष्मO Bhishma
भीष्म:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
दुःखम्sorrow, grief
दुःखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अतःthan this; from this
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
परम्greater, beyond
परम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīṣma
I
Indra
A
Ambā
P
Paraśurāma
J
Jamadagni

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the devastating moral weight of war: when even the greatest exemplars of valor and dharma (Bhīṣma) can fall, grief and disorientation arise, revealing the fragility of worldly power and the inexorable force of destiny (kāla) within the dharmic crisis of Kurukṣetra.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra reacts to Sañjaya’s report that Bhīṣma has been struck down. He expresses disbelief and anguish, recalling Bhīṣma’s earlier triumph over Paraśurāma in the context of Ambā, to emphasize how extraordinary it seems that such a peerless warrior could be slain.