Shloka 30

Devanagari script

तस्माद्‌ द्रवत मा योधा: फाल्गुनं प्राप्प संयुगे । अहमद्य रणे यत्तो योधयिष्यामि पाण्डवम्‌

Transliteration

tasmād dravata mā yodhāḥ phālgunaṁ prāpya saṁyuge | aham adya raṇe yatto yodhayisyāmi pāṇḍavam ||

Translation

Disse Sañjaya: “Portanto, guerreiros, não fujais. Tendo alcançado Phālguna (Arjuna) no auge da refrega, estou agora decidido—hoje, nesta luta, enfrentarei o Pāṇḍava.”

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that (reason)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• द्रवत: run / flee
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु (द्रवति)
• Form: Imperative, Second, Plural, Parasmaipada

• मा: do not (prohibitive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• योधाः: O warriors
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Plural

• फाल्गुनम्: Phalguna (Arjuna)
• फाल्गुनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाल्गुन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्य: having reached/attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• अद्य: today
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• यत्तः: striving/intent, prepared
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यत (यत् + त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• योधयिष्यामि: I will cause (him) to fight / I will fight (with)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध् (योधयति)
• Form: Simple Future (लृट्), First, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

• पाण्डवम्: the Pandava (Arjuna/son of Pandu)
• पाण्डवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Phālguna (Arjuna)
• Pāṇḍava

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the kṣatriya ethic of steadfastness: warriors are urged not to retreat out of fear, but to stand firm and meet a formidable opponent with resolve.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a battlefield exhortation: the speaker commands the troops not to flee and declares a determined intention to confront Phālguna (Arjuna), the Pāṇḍava champion, in combat that very day.