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Shloka 32

भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception

व्यमृद्नन्‌ समरे राजंस्तुरगाश्न नरान्‌ रणे । एवं ते बहुधा राजनू्‌ प्रत्यमृदूनन्‌ परस्परम्‌,नरेश्वर! समरांगणमें बहुत-से घोड़ोंने पैदल मनुष्योंको कुचल दिया। राजन्‌! इस प्रकार वे सैनिक अनेक बार एक-दूसरेको कुचलते रहे

sañjaya uvāca |

vyamṛdnan samare rājan turagāś ca narān raṇe |

evaṃ te bahudhā rājan pratyamṛdūnan parasparam nareśvara ||

Sañjaya disse: “Ó Rei, no choque da batalha os cavalos atropelaram os soldados a pé. Assim, ó senhor dos homens, aqueles guerreiros, vez após vez, esmagavam-se uns aos outros no aperto da guerra.”

व्यमृद्नन्they crushed/trampled
व्यमृद्नन्:
TypeVerb
Rootमृद् (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, 3, plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
Formmasculine, locative, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
तुरगाःhorses
तुरगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतुरग
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
नरान्men/foot-soldiers
नरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formmasculine, locative, singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
बहुधाmany times/in many ways
बहुधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
प्रत्यामृद्नन्they crushed in return/against (each other)
प्रत्यामृद्नन्:
TypeVerb
Rootमृद् (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, 3, plural
परस्परम्mutually, one another
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनर + ईश्वर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
H
horses (turaga)
F
foot-soldiers/men (nara)
B
battlefield/war (samara/raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the brutal, reciprocal nature of war: once combat begins, harm spreads beyond intention and becomes mutual and repetitive, reminding the listener that violence tends to escalate and engulf all sides.

Sañjaya reports to the king that in the thick of combat horses are trampling infantry, and the fighters repeatedly crush one another in the crowded battlefield.