Shloka 18
तमोगुण-निरूपण
Analysis of Tamas and its Marks
अत्यागश्चाभिमानश्चव मोहो मन्युस्तथाक्षमा । मत्सरश्रैव भूतेषु तामसं वृत्तमिष्यते
atyāgaś cābhimānaś ca moho manyus tathākṣamā | matsaraś caiva bhūteṣu tāmasaṁ vṛttam iṣyate ||
Vāyu-deva disse: “A avareza (recusar-se a dar), o orgulho, a ilusão, a ira, a intolerância e a inveja para com os seres vivos — tal conduta é tida como tāmasa, nascida da escuridão e da inércia.”
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines tāmasa conduct by listing inner vices—miserliness, pride, delusion, anger, intolerance, and envy—implying that ethical life requires generosity, humility, clarity, patience, forbearance, and goodwill toward all beings.
Vāyu-deva is instructing the listener by classifying certain traits as tāmasa, using a concise catalogue of behaviors that obstruct dharma and harmonious social and spiritual life.