Shloka 12
अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता
Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality
रक्षांसि गच्छते हव्यमित्याहुर्ब्रह्मयवादिन: । जुआरी
bhīṣma uvāca | rakṣāṃsi gacchate havyam ity āhur brahmavādinaḥ | śrāddhaṃ bhuktvā tv adhīyīta vṛṣalītālpagaśn yaḥ ||
Bhīṣma disse: “Os eruditos expositores do Brahman declaram que a oblação (havis) vai aos rākṣasas quando é comida na companhia daqueles que corrompem a fileira sagrada do banquete. Por isso, após participar de uma refeição de śrāddha, deve-se retomar o estudo védico; mas aquele que come enquanto se associa a uma mulher de casta baixa (ou viola a santidade do leito) torna-se inapto — sua participação macula o rito e desvia seu fruto dos ancestrais e dos deuses a quem se destinava.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Ritual acts like śrāddha and offerings require moral and social discipline: association with ‘line-corrupting’ participants and sexual/ethical transgressions are said to deflect the rite’s merit, symbolically making the offering fall to rākṣasas rather than benefiting the intended recipients.
In Bhīṣma’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, he cites the view of brahmavādins about śrāddha and sacrificial food: improper participants contaminate the dining line, so the rite’s fruit is spoiled; he then states a prescriptive rule about conduct after eating at śrāddha and warns against those whose behavior makes them unfit.