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Shloka 63

Nṛga-upākhyāna: Brāhmaṇa-sva and the Consequence of Misappropriated Gift-Cattle (कृकलास-रूपे नृगोपाख्यानम्)

अभुकक्‍त्वातिथये चाजन्न॑ प्रयच्छेद्‌ य: समाहित: । स वैब्रद्याविदां लोकान्‌ प्राप्तुयाद्‌ भरतर्षभ,भरतश्रेष्ठ! जो पुरुष एकाग्रचित्त हो स्वयं भूखा रहकर अतिथिको अन्नदान करता है, वह ब्रह्मवेत्ताओंके लोकोंमें जाता है

abhuktvātithaye cājñān prayacched yaḥ samāhitaḥ | sa vai brahmavidāṁ lokān prāpnuyād bharatarṣabha ||

Disse Bhishma: Ó touro entre os Bharatas, o homem que, com a mente recolhida e concentrada, dá alimento a um hóspede mesmo permanecendo ele próprio com fome—tal doador alcança os mundos dos conhecedores de Brahman. O verso louva a hospitalidade abnegada como uma forma elevada de dharma, em que o desconforto pessoal é aceito de bom grado para honrar o dever sagrado para com o atithi.

अभुक्त्वाhaving not eaten
अभुक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि, having not eaten
अतिथयेto a guest
अतिथये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयच्छेत्should give
प्रयच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्
Formविधिलिङ्, optative, 3rd, Singular, परस्मैपद
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाहितःcollected in mind, attentive
समाहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + आ + धा
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
ब्रह्मविदाम्of the knowers of Brahman
ब्रह्मविदाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मविद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
लोकान्worlds/realms
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्राप्नुयात्would attain
प्राप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formविधिलिङ्, optative, 3rd, Singular, परस्मैपद
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (implied by 'bharatarṣabha/bharataśreṣṭha')
A
atithi (guest)
B
brahmavidaḥ (knowers of Brahman)
L
lokāḥ (realms/worlds)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that true hospitality and charity are proven by sacrifice: giving food to a guest even when one is hungry oneself, done with a steady and sincere mind, leads to exalted spiritual merit—symbolized as reaching the realms of Brahman-knowers.

In the Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhisthira on dharma. Here he highlights atithi-sevā (service to guests) and dāna as a superior ethical practice, promising a lofty posthumous destination for one who prioritizes the guest over personal comfort.