Adhyāya 60: Dāna vs. Yajña—Royal Giving, Protection, and Karmic Share
“राजन! जो द्विज नित्य स्नान करके दोनों समय संध्योपासना और गायत्री-जप करता है वह चतुर होता है। मरुकी साधना-जलका परित्याग करनेवाले तथा निराहार रहनेवालेको स्वर्गलोककी प्राप्ति होती है ।।
vaiśampāyana uvāca | rājann yo dvijo nityaṃ snānaṃ kṛtvā ubhayataḥ-sandhyopāsanāṃ ca gāyatrī-japaṃ ca karoti sa caturaḥ bhavati | marukī-sādhana-jala-parityāginaḥ tathā nirāhārāṇāṃ svargaloka-prāptiḥ bhavati || sthaṇḍile śayamānānāṃ gṛhāṇi śayanāni ca | cīra-valkala-vāsobhiḥ vasāṃsi ābharaṇāni ca ||
Vaiśampāyana disse: “Ó Rei, o duas-vezes-nascido que se banha diariamente e realiza o culto do crepúsculo em ambos os momentos, junto com a recitação da Gāyatrī, torna-se perspicaz e sábio. Aqueles que, em austeridade, renunciam ao uso da água para o conforto do corpo, e aqueles que vivem sem alimento, alcançam o mundo do céu. Os que dormem sobre a terra nua obtêm casas e leitos; e, ao vestir casca e farrapos, obtém-se excelentes roupas e ornamentos.”
वैशम्पायन उवाच
The verse teaches that disciplined daily Vedic practice (bathing, sandhyā worship, and Gāyatrī recitation) cultivates discernment, and that austerities such as fasting and sleeping on the ground generate spiritual merit that ripens into corresponding rewards—heavenly attainment and symbolic ‘returns’ like houses, beds, fine garments, and ornaments.
Vaiśampāyana continues instructing the king within the Anuśāsana Parva’s didactic discourse, listing specific observances and austerities and describing their karmic fruits, emphasizing the Mahābhārata’s ethic of dharma through regulated conduct and tapas.