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Shloka 293

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

तस्य दोषान्‌ प्रवक्ष्यामि तच्छुणुध्वं समाहिता: । अग्नि बोले--जो दुर्बुद्धि मनुष्य लात उठाकर उससे गौका

tasya doṣān pravakṣyāmi tac chṛṇudhvaṃ samāhitāḥ |

Dharma disse: “Agora declararei as faltas (pecados e deméritos) que surgem de tal conduta. Ouvi com a mente recolhida.” No contexto, ele está prestes a enumerar as graves consequências éticas em que incorre um tolo que, por arrogância, desfere um pontapé e chega a tocar uma vaca, um venerável brāhmaṇa ou um fogo em brasa — atos tratados como sérias violações do dharma.

तस्यof that (person/thing)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दोषान्faults, demerits
दोषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall declare/tell forth
प्रवक्ष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शृणुध्वम्hear (you all), listen
शृणुध्वम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Plural, Ātmanepada
समाहिताःcollected, attentive, composed
समाहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

धर्म उवाच

D
Dharma (Dharmarāja)
C
cow (gauḥ)
B
brāhmaṇa
B
blazing fire (prjvalita agni)

Educational Q&A

Dharma teaches that certain beings and symbols—especially the cow, the brāhmaṇa, and fire—are to be approached with reverence and self-control; contemptuous physical aggression (even by kicking) is a serious breach of dharma that yields heavy moral fault (doṣa).

Dharma, as the speaker, announces that he will list the specific faults and consequences connected with an act of arrogant disrespect—touching/striking with the foot a cow, a venerable brāhmaṇa, or a blazing fire—and urges the listeners to pay close attention.