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Shloka 21

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 181 — Svayaṃvara Aftermath: Arjuna–Karna Exchange and Bhīma–Śalya Contest

तेन संगम्य ते भार्या तनयं जनयिष्यति । स ते वंशकर: पुत्रो भविष्यति नृपाधम,इस प्रकार ब्राह्मगी करुण विलाप करती हुई याचना कर रही थी, तो भी जैसे व्याप्र मनचाहे मृगको मारकर खा जाता है, उसी प्रकार राजाने अत्यन्त निर्दयीकी भाँति ब्राह्यणीके पतिको खा लिया। उस समय क्रोधसे पीड़ित हुई ब्राह्मणीके नेत्रोंसे धरतीपर आँसुओंकी जो बूँदें गिरी, वे सब प्रज्वलित अग्नि बन गयीं। उस अग्निने उस स्थानको जलाकर भस्म कर दिया। तदनन्तर पतिके वियोगसे व्यथित एवं शोकसंतप्त ब्राह्मणीने रोषमें भरकर राजर्षि कल्माषपादको शाप दिया--'ओ नीच! मेरी पतिविषयक कामना अभी पूर्ण नहीं हो पायी थी, तभी तूने अत्यन्त क्रूरकी भाँति मेरे देखते-देखते आज मेरे महायशस्वी प्रियतम पतिको अपना ग्रास बना लिया है; अतः दुर्बुद्धे! तू भी मेरे शापसे पीड़ित हुआ ऋतुकालमें पत्नीके साथ समागम करते ही तत्काल प्राण त्याग देगा। जिन महर्षि वसिष्ठके पुत्रोंका तुमने संहार किया है, उन्हींसे समागम करके तेरी पत्नी पुत्र पैदा करेगी। नृूपाधम! वही पुत्र तेरा वंश चलानेवाला होगा”

tena saṅgamya te bhāryā tanayaṁ janayiṣyati | sa te vaṁśakaraḥ putro bhaviṣyati nṛpādhama ||

O Gandharva disse: “Unindo-te a ele, tua esposa conceberá um filho. Esse filho será o continuador de tua linhagem, ó o mais vil dos reis.” Contudo, no contexto, esta afirmação vem após uma sombria inversão moral: um rei, movido por crueldade e apetite, transgride os limites do dharma ao devorar um brâmane, provocando a maldição da esposa do brâmane. O verso ressalta que, mesmo quando um governante cai no adharma e incorre numa maldição, a ordem cósmica ainda assegura a continuidade da linhagem—porém por um caminho marcado por transgressão, retribuição e consequência imposta, e não por escolha justa.

तेनby him/with him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
संगम्यhaving united/met
संगम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + गम्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तनयम्a son
तनयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतनय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनयिष्यतिwill beget/give birth to
जनयिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (जनयति = causative stem जनय-)
FormLṛṭ (Simple Future), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe/that (son)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
वंशकरःlineage-continuing
वंशकरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवंशकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भविष्यतिwill be
भविष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormLṛṭ (Simple Future), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नृपाधमO worst of kings
नृपाधम:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootनृपाधम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

गन्धर्व उवाच

G
Gandharva (speaker)
K
Kalmāṣapāda (king, implied by context)
T
the king’s wife (bhāryā)
T
the future son (putra)
V
Vasiṣṭha (implied by context of Vasiṣṭha’s sons)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights moral causality: when a ruler violates dharma, consequences follow through curse and suffering, yet social/cosmic continuity (lineage) may still be maintained—often in a way that exposes the ruler’s disgrace rather than affirming his virtue.

After the king’s brutal act and the Brahmin woman’s curse, the Gandharva declares that the king’s wife will conceive a son through union with another man, and that son will continue the king’s lineage—signaling both the king’s punishment and the ensured continuation of his dynasty.