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Shloka 38

Sapindīkaraṇa: Timing, Eligibility, Gotra Rules, and Yearlong Śrāddha

with Vṛṣotsarga and Ghaṭa-dāna

Devanagari script

हुताशं या समारूढा चतुर्थे ऽह्नि पतिव्रता / तस्या भर्तृदिने कार्यं वृषोत्सर्गादिकं च यत्

Transliteration

hutāśaṃ yā samārūḍhā caturthe 'hni pativratā / tasyā bhartṛdine kāryaṃ vṛṣotsargādikaṃ ca yat

Translation

Se uma esposa devotada ao seu voto (pativratā) subiu ao fogo funerário no quarto dia, então, no dia da morte do marido, devem ser realizados também para ela os ritos prescritos—como o vṛṣotsarga (a libertação de um touro) e as demais observâncias associadas.

Word by Word
हुताशम्the fire
हुताशम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहुताश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Singular
याshe who
या:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Relative pronoun; Feminine, Nominative, Singular
समारूढाhaving ascended
समारूढा:
Karta-visheshana (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + आ + रुह् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्) → समारूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Past participle: 'having mounted/ascended'
चतुर्थेon the fourth
चतुर्थे:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative: 'on the fourth'
अह्निday
अह्नि:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Locative, Singular
पतिव्रताa devoted wife
पतिव्रता:
Karta (Apposition/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपति + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Feminine, Nominative, Singular
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Feminine, Genitive, Singular
भर्तृदिनेon the husband’s day (death-day/anniversary)
भर्तृदिने:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ + दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Locative, Singular
कार्यम्should be done
कार्यम्:
Kriya (Injunctive predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) + यत् (कृत्) → कार्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Gerundive: 'to be done'
वृषोत्सर्गादिकम्release of a bull etc. (rites)
वृषोत्सर्गादिकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवृष + उत्सर्ग + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular; object of implied 'do'
चand
च:
Avyaya (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
यत्whatever (that)
यत्:
Sambandha (Relative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Relative pronoun; Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: On the husband’s death-day (tithi) when the wife is to be included due to the stated circumstance; vṛṣotsarga as an associated observance.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: If the wife has died by ascending the funeral fire on the fourth day, her associated rites are to be performed on the husband’s death anniversary, including vṛṣotsarga and related observances.

Vedantic Theme: Saṃskāra as social-religious closure; dharma addresses liminal events (death, remembrance) through prescribed acts rather than speculation.

Application: On the husband’s death-day, include the prescribed ancillary rites for the wife in such a case, notably vṛṣotsarga, following one’s śākhā/sampradāya guidance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana śrāddha and ancillary rites: vṛṣotsarga mentions in śrāddha-vidhi contexts; death-day (tithi) observances

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
A
Agni

FAQs

This verse lists vṛṣotsarga as a key component among the rites to be done on the husband’s death-day, indicating it as a prescribed ritual act linked to śrāddha-related observances.

Indirectly: it emphasizes that properly timed post-death rites (done on specific days and death-days) are duties that support the deceased’s post-mortem welfare as taught in the Preta Kanda’s ritual framework.

Follow the tradition’s timing and prescriptions for death-day rites (śrāddha and associated acts) through qualified guidance, treating them as disciplined duties performed with sincerity and ethical conduct.

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