Shloka 37

Means to Liberation: Supremacy of Hari, Proper Salutations, and Purāṇic Authority

नमस्कारो नान्यथा विप्रवर्या आधीयतां हृदि सर्वै रहस्यमम् / ये वैष्णवा वैष्ण वदासभृत्याः सर्वेपि ते सर्वदा विष्णुमेव // गर्प्३,१।३६ / नमन्ति ये वै प्रतिपादयन्ति तथैव पुण्यानि च सात्त्विकानि / नमन्ति ये वासुदेवं हरिं च सम्यक् स्वशक्त्या प्रतिपादयन्ति

namaskāro nānyathā vipravaryā ādhīyatāṃ hṛdi sarvai rahasyamam / ye vaiṣṇavā vaiṣṇa vadāsabhṛtyāḥ sarvepi te sarvadā viṣṇumeva // GarP_3,1.36 / namanti ye vai pratipādayanti tathaiva puṇyāni ca sāttvikāni / namanti ye vāsudevaṃ hariṃ ca samyak svaśaktyā pratipādayanti

Ó melhores dos brāhmaṇas, compreendei este segredo e guardai-o no coração: o verdadeiro namaskāra não é de outro modo senão este—os que são vaiṣṇavas, servos devotos firmados na conduta vaiṣṇava, estão sempre fixos em Viṣṇu somente. Aqueles que se prostram em adoração e também ensinam e sustentam atos puros, sāttvika e meritórios; aqueles que, conforme sua capacidade, se prostram a Vāsudeva, Hari, e O expõem corretamente—esses realizam a homenagem correta.

namaskāraḥsalutation
namaskāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnamaskāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
anyathāotherwise
anyathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyathā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
vipra-varyāḥO best of brāhmaṇas
vipra-varyāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक) + varya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), बहुवचन (Plural)
ādhīyatāmlet it be placed/kept
ādhīyatām:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootā-dhā (धा धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद; विधिलिङ्गार्थे आज्ञा (let it be placed/held)
hṛdiin the heart
hṛdi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Roothṛd (हृद् प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
sarvaiḥby all (of you)
sarvaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument/Agentive means)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (सर्व प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (सामान्यतः), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)
rahasyamthe secret (teaching)
rahasyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootrahasya (रहस्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)
vaiṣṇavāḥVaiṣṇavas
vaiṣṇavāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiṣṇava (वैष्णव प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
vaiṣṇava-dāsa-bhṛtyāḥservants/attendants of Vaiṣṇavas
vaiṣṇava-dāsa-bhṛtyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiṣṇava (प्रातिपदिक) + dāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + bhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): 'vaiṣṇavasya dāsa-bhṛtyaḥ'
sarveall
sarve:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (सर्व प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-कारक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), निर्देश (demonstrative pronoun)
sarvadāalways
sarvadā:
Kālādhi-kriyāviśeṣaṇa (काल-क्रियाविशेषण/Time adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
viṣṇumViṣṇu
viṣṇum:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (विष्णु प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
evaonly/indeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
namantithey bow
namanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootnam (नम् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक/खलु-अर्थे अव्यय (emphatic particle)
pratipādayantithey expound/teach
pratipādayanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-pad (पद् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद; causative sense in usage: 'cause to be known/expound'
tathāthus/so
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)
puṇyānimeritorious (things/acts)
puṇyāni:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpuṇya (पुण्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
sāttvikānisattvic, pure
sāttvikāni:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāttvika (सात्त्विक प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (adjective) puṇyāni-शब्दस्य
namantithey bow
namanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnam (नम् धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक
vāsudevamVāsudeva
vāsudevam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootvāsudeva (वासुदेव प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
harimHari
harim:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roothari (हरि प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
samyakproperly
samyak:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamyak (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: properly)
sva-śaktyāwith one’s own ability
sva-śaktyā:
Karaṇa (करण/Means)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (स्व प्रातिपदिक) + śakti (शक्ति प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: 'svasya śaktyā'
pratipādayantithey expound/establish
pratipādayanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-pad (पद् धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra; framed as a teaching to the wise, including brāhmaṇas)

Concept: True homage is that of Vaiṣṇavas who are always fixed on Viṣṇu; those who bow, teach, and uphold sāttvika meritorious acts, and who expound Vāsudeva according to capacity, perform proper reverence.

Vedantic Theme: Eka-niṣṭhā (one-pointedness) to Vāsudeva; sāttvika karma subordinated to bhakti; devotion expressed as both practice and teaching (pravṛtti in sattva).

Application: Align conduct with Vaiṣṇava sadācāra; practice namaskāra as surrender; teach/encourage sāttvika deeds and Viṣṇu-centered understanding within one’s competence.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: teaching assembly (śāstra-satsaṅga)

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.1.38 (exclusive worship even in distress); Garuda Purana 3.1.39 (Purāṇas defined by leading to Hari)

V
Vishnu
V
Vasudeva
H
Hari
V
Vaishnavas
V
Vipras (Brahmanas)

FAQs

This verse defines true namaskāra as devotion centered on Viṣṇu—bowing is authentic when it is joined with steady Vaiṣṇava orientation and the upholding of pure (sāttvika) meritorious conduct.

It links bowing to Vāsudeva/Hari with “pratipādayanti”—teaching/establishing sāttvika puṇya—showing that devotion is not merely emotional reverence but also lived ethics and the promotion of purity.

Offer daily reverence to Viṣṇu (prayer, chanting, respectful bowing) and support it with sāttvika living—truthfulness, non-harm, purity, and service—according to your capacity (svaśaktyā).