Shloka 47
Rāja-prabodhana and Prātaḥ-kṛtya
Awakening of the King and Morning Observances
Devanagari script
अहो ऽनुजीविनः किञ्चिद्भर्तारं व्यसनार्णवे / तत्प्रसादसमुन्नद्धा मज्जयं त्यनयोन्मुखाः
Transliteration
aho 'nujīvinaḥ kiñcidbhartāraṃ vyasanārṇave / tatprasādasamunnaddhā majjayaṃ tyanayonmukhāḥ
Translation
Ai! Os dependentes, ao verem seu senhor cair ainda que um pouco no oceano das desgraças, embriagados por seu favor, voltam-se à injustiça e o afundam.
Word by Word
ahoalas! ah!
aho:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विस्मयादि-निपात (exclamatory particle)
anujīvinaḥdependents
anujīvinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanu-jīvin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘dependents/retainers’
kiñcita little; somewhat
kiñcit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkiñcit (अव्यय/सर्वनाम)
Formअव्यय; परिमाणवाचक (indefinite quantifier) ‘a little/somewhat’
bhartārammaster; supporter
bhartāram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
vyasana-arṇavein the ocean of calamity
vyasana-arṇave:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक) + arṇava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (व्यसनस्य अर्णवः)
tat-prasāda-samunnaddhāḥinflated by his favor
tat-prasāda-samunnaddhāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम) + prasāda (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ud-nah (धातु) → samunnaddha (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण; समासः (तत्प्रसादेन समुन्नद्धाः = ‘puffed up by his favor’)
majjayammarrow; essence
majjayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmajjā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (पाठे ‘मज्जयम्’ इति रूपम्); अर्थे ‘marrow/essence’
tithus (iti)
ti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इति-निपात (quotative particle); पाठे ‘त्य’ संधिभागः
anaya-unmukhāḥbent toward ruin
anaya-unmukhāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanaya (प्रातिपदिक) + unmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण; तत्पुरुषः (अनये उन्मुखाः = ‘turned toward misfortune’)