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Shloka 37

Prāyaścitta, the ‘Elephant Bath’ Problem, and the Opening of Ajāmila-Upākhyāna

श्रीशुक उवाच इत्युक्ते यमदूतैस्ते वासुदेवोक्तकारिण: । तान् प्रत्यूचु: प्रहस्येदं मेघनिर्ह्रादया गिरा ॥ ३७ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca ity ukte yamadūtais te vāsudevokta-kāriṇaḥ tān pratyūcuḥ prahasyedaṁ megha-nirhrādayā girā

Śukadeva Gosvāmī prosseguiu: Assim interpelados pelos mensageiros de Yamarāja, os servos de Vāsudeva sorriram e responderam com voz profunda, como o ribombar das nuvens, dizendo o seguinte.

śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः—'श्रीमान् शुकः'
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect) परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person) एकवचनम्
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्ययम् (quotative particle)
uktewhen (this) was said
ukte:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle/क्त) ; सप्तमी (7th/Locative) एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गे; 'उक्ते (सति)'—locative absolute
yamadūtaiḥby the messengers of Yama
yamadūtaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyama-dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः—'यमस्य दूताः'
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम
vāsudeva-ukta-kāriṇaḥdoers of what Vāsudeva has said (obedient to Vāsudeva)
vāsudeva-ukta-kāriṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāsudeva (प्रातिपदिक) + ukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + kārin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा (1st) बहुवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः—'वासुदेवेन उक्तं कुर्वन्ति'
tānthem
tān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative) बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम
pratyūcuḥreplied
pratyūcuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-√vac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect) परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः बहुवचनम्
prahasyahaving laughed
prahasya:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√has (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (gerund/absolutive)
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया (2nd) एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम
megha-nirhrādayāwith a cloud-like thunder (voice)
megha-nirhrādayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmegha (प्रातिपदिक) + nirhrāda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः—'मेघस्य निर्ह्राद इव' (thundering like a cloud)
girāby (their) speech/voice
girā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootgir (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) एकवचनम्

The Yamadūtas were surprised to see that the Viṣṇudūtas, although polite, were hindering the rule of Yamarāja. Similarly, the Viṣṇudūtas were also surprised that the Yamadūtas, although claiming to be servants of Yamarāja, the supreme judge of religious principles, were unaware of the principles of religious action. Thus the Viṣṇudūtas smiled, thinking, “What is this nonsense they are speaking? If they are actually servants of Yamarāja they should know that Ajāmila is not a suitable candidate for them to carry off.”

Ś
Śukadeva
Y
Yamadūtas
V
Vāsudeva
V
Viṣṇudūtas
Y
Yama

FAQs

They are the divine messengers of Vāsudeva (Lord Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa) who act strictly according to His command and protect surrendered souls from the agents of punishment.

Because the Yamadūtas spoke from the standpoint of ordinary karmic justice, while the Viṣṇudūtas knew the higher principle of the Lord’s protection of devotees—so they confidently responded with calm authority.

Take shelter of bhakti—especially remembrance and chanting of the Lord’s names—because divine grace and spiritual identity are higher than fear-based guilt and mere karmic calculation.