Shloka 9

Pradyumna’s Abduction, Mahā-māyā, and the Slaying of Śambara

Devanagari script

नातिदीर्घेण कालेन स कार्ष्णि रूढयौवन: । जनयामास नारीणां वीक्षन्तीनां च विभ्रमम् ॥ ९ ॥

Transliteration

nāti-dīrgheṇa kālena sa kārṣṇi rūḍha-yauvanaḥ janayām āsa nārīṇāṁ vīkṣantīnāṁ ca vibhramam

Translation

Após pouco tempo, este filho de Kṛṣṇa — Pradyumna — atingiu sua plena juventude. Ele encantava todas as mulheres que O contemplavam.

Synonyms

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)

• अतिदीर्घेण: very long (time)
• अतिदीर्घेण: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति-दीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + दीर्घ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) कालेन

• कालेन: in/with time
• कालेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; काल-करण (instrumental of time)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कार्ष्णि: Kārṣṇi (son/descendant of Kṛṣṇa)
• कार्ष्णि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्ष्णि (प्रातिपदिक; कृष्ण-अपत्य/सम्बन्ध)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संबोधन-रहित विशेषनाम

• रूढयौवनः: having attained youth
• रूढयौवनः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूढ-यौवन (प्रातिपदिक: रूढ (कृदन्त) + यौवन)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) सः/कार्ष्णि

• जनयामास: generated/caused
• जनयामास: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; (परिप्रयोगे ‘आस’ सह)

• नारीणाम्: of women
• नारीणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Genitive plural)

• वीक्षन्तीनाम्: who were looking (at him)
• वीक्षन्तीनाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वीक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; नारीणाम् इति विशेषण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• विभ्रमम्: bewilderment, infatuation
• विभ्रमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Characters & Entities

• Pradyumna
• Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about Pradyumna’s beauty and youth?

This verse says that Pradyumna, a descendant of Kṛṣṇa’s line, quickly reached youth, and his mere appearance captivated and emotionally stirred the women who saw him.

Why does Śukadeva Gosvāmī describe Pradyumna as ‘kārṣṇi’?

Śukadeva highlights Pradyumna’s identity as belonging to Kṛṣṇa’s own lineage, emphasizing his divine heritage and the extraordinary qualities that naturally manifest in the Yādava family connected to Bhagavān.

What is a practical lesson from this shloka for modern life?

The verse reminds seekers that external charm can strongly agitate the mind; cultivating devotion, self-restraint, and spiritual focus helps one remain steady amid sensory attraction.