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Shloka 33

Veṇu-gīta-āhvāna and the Gopīs’ Appeal: The Opening of Rāsa-līlā

कुर्वन्ति हि त्वयि रतिं कुशला: स्व आत्मन् नित्यप्रिये पतिसुतादिभिरार्तिदै: किम् । तन्न: प्रसीद परमेश्वर मा स्म छिन्द्या आशां धृतां त्वयि चिरादरविन्दनेत्र ॥ ३३ ॥

kurvanti hi tvayi ratiṁ kuśalāḥ sva ātman nitya-priye pati-sutādibhir ārti-daiḥ kim tan naḥ prasīda parameśvara mā sma chindyā āśāṁ dhṛtāṁ tvayi cirād aravinda-netra

Ó Tu, nosso próprio Ser, amado eterno: os sábios consumados dirigem seu afeto a Ti, pois Te reconhecem como o verdadeiro Ātman e o amante perene. Que utilidade temos em maridos, filhos e parentes que só trazem aflição? Portanto, ó Senhor supremo, tem misericórdia; ó de olhos de lótus, não cortes a esperança há muito acalentada de estar contigo.

kurvantithey make/do
kurvanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ-धातु)
FormLaṭ (present), 3rd person, Plural; parasmaipada
hiindeed/for
hi:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), causal/emphatic
tvayiin you
tvayi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSecond person pronoun, Locative (7), Singular
ratimlove/attachment
ratim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2-द्वितीया), Singular
kuśalāḥthe wise/skillful (ones)
kuśalāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkuśala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1), Plural; used substantively
svaone's own
sva:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormIndeclinable-like pronominal adjective; here qualifying ātman
ātmanO Self (Lord)
ātman:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8), Singular
nitya-priyeO ever-beloved
nitya-priye:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक) + priya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8), Singular; कर्मधारय: 'ever-dear'
pati-suta-ādibhiḥby husbands, sons, etc.
pati-suta-ādibhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3), Plural; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व with ādi: 'husband, sons, etc.'
ārti-daiḥ(who are) distress-giving
ārti-daiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootārti (प्रातिपदिक) + da (दा-धातु/प्रातिपदिक 'giver')
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3), Plural; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: 'givers of distress'
kimwhat (use/point)?
kim:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative particle used adverbially (प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय)
tattherefore/so
tat:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormCorrelative particle (तत्) introducing request; indeclinable usage
naḥto us/our
naḥ:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFirst person pronoun, Genitive/Dative (6/4), Plural; enclitic
prasīdabe gracious
prasīda:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsad (सद्-धातु) with pra-; prasīd (प्रसीद्-धातु)
FormLoṭ (imperative), 2nd person, Singular; parasmaipada
parameśvaraO Supreme Lord
parameśvara:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootparama (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8), Singular; 'supreme lord'
do not
:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormProhibitive particle (निषेधार्थक) used with imperative/optative
sma(emphatic)
sma:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsma (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) strengthening prohibition with mā
chindyāḥcut/break
chindyāḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootchid (छिद्-धातु)
FormLoṭ (imperative), 2nd person, Singular; parasmaipada; with mā sma = prohibition
āśāmhope
āśām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootāśā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2), Singular
dhṛtāmheld/cherished
dhṛtām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootdhṛ (धृ-धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Accusative Singular; agreeing with āśām
tvayiin you
tvayi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative (7), Singular
cirātfor a long time
cirāt:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcirāt (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)
aravinda-netraO lotus-eyed one
aravinda-netra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootaravinda (प्रातिपदिक) + netra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8), Singular; बहुव्रीहि: 'he whose eyes are lotuses'
K
Krishna
G
Gopis

FAQs

It teaches that the truly wise place their deepest loving attachment (rati) in Kṛṣṇa, seeing worldly ties as ultimately sorrow-giving compared to the soul’s eternal relationship with the Lord.

In the context of Kṛṣṇa’s call, the gopīs contrast temporary, duty-bound worldly bonds with the soul’s longing for Bhagavān; such bonds can obstruct divine love and thus become sources of anguish when they separate one from Kṛṣṇa.

It points to prioritizing devotion internally—keeping hope and love fixed on God—while performing family and social duties as service, not as the ultimate shelter for the heart.