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Shloka 21

Pṛthu Mahārāja’s Renunciation, Austerities, Departure, and the Glory of Hearing His History

देहं विपन्नाखिलचेतनादिकं पत्यु: पृथिव्या दयितस्य चात्मन: । आलक्ष्य किञ्चिच्च विलप्य सा सती चितामथारोपयदद्रिसानुनि ॥ २१ ॥

dehaṁ vipannākhila-cetanādikaṁ patyuḥ pṛthivyā dayitasya cātmanaḥ ālakṣya kiñcic ca vilapya sā satī citām athāropayad adri-sānuni

Quando a rainha Arci viu que seu esposo—tão misericordioso para com ela, para com a terra e para com seu povo—já não mostrava sinais de vida, lamentou por um momento. Então, no topo de uma colina, ergueu uma pira ardente e nela colocou o corpo do marido.

dehamthe body
deham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन
vipanna-akhila-cetana-ādikamdevoid of all consciousness and the like
vipanna-akhila-cetana-ādikam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvipanna (प्रातिपदिक) + akhila (प्रातिपदिक) + cetana (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक) + ka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘अखिलचेतनादिकं’ (सर्व-चेतना-आदि-युक्तम्) इत्यस्य ‘vipanna’ (नष्ट/विगत) विशेषणम्; विशेषण (deham)
patyuḥof (her) husband
patyuḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
pṛthivyāḥof the earth
pṛthivyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootpṛthivī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
dayitasyabeloved
dayitasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootdayita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (patyuḥ)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
ātmanaḥof herself
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
ālakṣyahaving seen
ālakṣya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā√lakṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); ‘आलक्ष्य’ = ‘दृष्ट्वा/निरीक्ष्य’
kiñcita little
kiñcit:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkiñcit (अव्यय/सर्वनाम-नपुंसक)
Formअव्ययप्राय (indeclinable usage); अल्प-परिमाणवाचक (a little)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
vilapyahaving lamented
vilapya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi√lap (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); ‘विलप्य’ = ‘विलपित्वा’
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
satīthe chaste/virtuous woman
satī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsatī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गुणवाचक-नाम (virtuous woman)
citāmthe funeral pyre
citām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootcitā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन
athathen
atha:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनन्तरार्थक (then/thereupon)
āropayatshe placed/raised (onto)
āropayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā√ruh (धातु, णिच्)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative) ‘आरोपयत्’ = ‘आरोहयत्/आरोपितवती’
adri-sānunion the mountain slope
adri-sānuni:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootadri (प्रातिपदिक) + sānu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘अद्रेः सानु’ (mountain-slope)

After seeing all the life symptoms in her husband stop, the Queen lamented for a while. The word kiñcit means “for a little while.” The Queen was completely aware that her husband was not dead, although the symptoms of life — action, intelligence and sense perception — had ceased. As stated in Bhagavad-gītā (2.13) :

P
Pṛthu Mahārāja
A
Arci (Arcī)

FAQs

This verse shows Arcī’s composed response: after brief lamentation, she performs the final rites, illustrating dharmic duty and sober detachment when the body loses consciousness.

In the narrative, Pṛthu had concluded his life of devotion and renunciation; Arcī, as a faithful wife, followed prescribed rites and honored his passing by preparing the cremation on the mountain slope.

Grieve naturally but briefly, then act responsibly—complete necessary duties, honor the departed with dignity, and remember that the self is distinct from the perishable body.