Sutra 49
Devanagari script
अपि जीयेत न जयेन्मण्डलेष्टस्तथा भवेत् ॥ कZ_०७.५.४९च्द् ॥
Transliteration
api jīyeta na jayen maṇḍaleṣṭas tathā bhavet
Translation
Deve-se até aceitar ser vencido, em vez de vencer de modo a tornar hostil todo o círculo de Estados.
Word by Word
अपिeven; even if; although
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/सम्भावना/अपवादार्थक-निपात (context: concessive 'even if')
जीयेतshould be conquered / may be defeated
जीयेत:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपद; 3rd person singular; आत्मनेपद-न; धातु: जि (जयति)
नnot
न:
TypeNegation
Rootन
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
जयेत्should conquer / should win
जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपद; 3rd person singular; धातु: जि
मण्डलेष्टःthe one who desires the mandala (circle of states/realm); an expansion-seeking king
मण्डलेष्टः:
TypeNoun (compound adjective)
Rootमण्डल + इष् (इच्छा)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; समास: मण्डलस्य इष्टः = 'one who desires the circle/realm'; adjective used substantively
तथाthus; in that manner
तथा:
TypeAdverb
Rootतथा
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/तुल्यतार्थक
भवेत्should be; would become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपद; 3rd person singular; धातु: भू
Entities Mentioned
V
vijigīṣu (implied conqueror-king)M
maṇḍala (circle of states)FAQs
A tactical victory that triggers systemic hostility is strategically worse than a controlled setback; preserve long-term position in the maṇḍala over short-term conquest.
It anticipates balance-of-power dynamics: aggressive gains can induce counter-coalitions; restraint can prevent encirclement.