Agni Purana — Sahitya-shastra, Shloka 12
Chapter 342: शब्दालङ्काराः
Verbal/Sound-based Ornaments
यमकं साव्यपेतञ्च व्यपेतञ्चेति तद्द्विधा आनन्तर्यादव्यपेतं व्यपेतं व्यवधानतः
yamakaṃ sāvyapetañca vyapetañceti taddvidhā ānantaryādavyapetaṃ vyapetaṃ vyavadhānataḥ
O yamaka (ornamento de repetição/aliteração) é de dois tipos: (1) avyapeta e (2) vyapeta. O avyapeta nasce da contiguidade imediata da repetição; o vyapeta surge quando há intervalo ou separação entre as repetições.
Lord Agni (instructional narration to Sage Vashistha)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Samanya","practical_application":"Identify and compose yamaka (reduplication/alliterative repetition) by controlling whether the repeated segment is contiguous (avyapeta) or separated (vyapeta), improving poetic ornament and memorability.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Yamaka: avyapeta vs vyapeta (ānantaraya vs vyavadhāna)","lookup_keywords":["yamaka","avyapeta","vyapeta","ānantaraya","vyavadhāna"],"quick_summary":"Classifies yamaka into two types based on proximity of repetition: immediate adjacency yields avyapeta; separation/interval yields vyapeta. This is a practical rule for diagnosing śabda-alaṅkāra in verses."}
Alamkara Type: Yamaka (śabda-alaṅkāra)
Concept: Order (ānantaraya) and interval (vyavadhāna) as formal criteria for classification in śāstra.
Application: Apply a simple diagnostic: check adjacency of repeated phoneme/word to label the yamaka type during commentary or composition.
Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Alankara/Kavya-vidya: figures of speech and poetic ornamentation)
Primary Rasa: Adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: Shanta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Two example couplets are written on a board: one showing immediate repetition (avyapeta) and another with a gap (vyapeta); the teacher marks the repeated syllables in red and the interval in black.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, bold outlines, scholar-teacher indicating two verse examples, repeated syllables highlighted, students seated with palm-leaf manuscripts, temple-school ambience","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style with gold accents on the writing board frame, two neatly inscribed examples labeled AVYAPETA and VYAPETA, rich decorative borders, devotional-scholarly mood","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, clean instructional diagram of repetition with spacing, fine calligraphy, gentle colors, emphasis on clarity of the two categories","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature of a poetic salon, a calligrapher shows two lines with repeated words, courtiers observe, delicate margins and precise script"}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Kalyani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: साव्यपेतञ्च = स + अव्यपेतम् + च; व्यपेतञ्चेति = व्यपेतम् + च + इति; आनन्तर्यादव्यपेतं = आनन्तर्यात् + अव्यपेतम्
Related Themes: Agni Purana 342.13-342.15 (positional and multi-fold yamaka classification)
FAQs
It teaches a kavya-shastra classification: yamaka (repetition ornament) is divided into contiguous (avyapeta) and separated (vyapeta) based on whether the repetition occurs immediately or with an interval.
Beyond theology and ritual, the Agni Purana systematizes literary theory; this verse records a technical taxonomy used in Sanskrit poetics, showing the text’s coverage of arts and scholarly disciplines.
Indirectly, it supports dharmic culture by refining sacred and classical expression—clear, ornamented speech aids correct transmission of scripture, praise (stotra), and teaching.