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Shloka 13

Mahādāna-prakaraṇa (The Doctrine of Great Gifts): Suvarṇa–Go–Bhūmi and Tulā-dāna

अथान्यच्च प्रवक्ष्यामि दानं सर्वोत्तमं मुने । कांतारं यन्न पश्यंति यमस्य बहुदुःखदम्

athānyacca pravakṣyāmi dānaṃ sarvottamaṃ mune | kāṃtāraṃ yanna paśyaṃti yamasya bahuduḥkhadam

ਹੁਣ, ਹੇ ਮੁਨੀ, ਮੈਂ ਇੱਕ ਹੋਰ ਸਰਵੋਤਮ ਦਾਨ ਦੱਸਦਾ ਹਾਂ। ਉਸ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਨਾਲ ਯਮ ਦਾ ਬਹੁਤ ਦੁੱਖ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਭਿਆਨਕ ਕਾਂਤਾਰ (ਦੁਰਗਮ ਜੰਗਲ) ਨਹੀਂ ਵੇਖਣਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ।

athathen/now
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — discourse connector
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; discourse particle (अनन्तरार्थक/क्रमसूचक)
anyatanother (thing)
anyat:
Karma (कर्म) — object of pravakṣyāmi (understood: 'I will tell something else')
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter/नपुंसक), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा) or Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); used with ca as 'something else'
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक)
pravakṣyāmiI shall explain/tell
pravakṣyāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + vac (धातु)
FormLuṭ-lakāra (लुट्/Periphrastic future; simple future sense), Uttama-puruṣa (1st/उत्तमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada
dānamgift/charity
dānam:
Karma (कर्म) — what is being explained
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा) or Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); appositional to 'anyat' or object of pravakṣyāmi
sarva-uttamamthe best of all
sarva-uttamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) — qualifies dānam
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः (sarveṣāṃ madhye uttamam = best of all)
muneO sage
mune:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
kāntārama wilderness/forest
kāntāram:
Karma (कर्म) — object of paśyanti
TypeNoun
Rootkāntāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
yatwhich
yat:
Karma (कर्म) — correlates with kāntāram
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; relative pronoun
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — negates verb
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation particle (निषेध)
paśyantithey see
paśyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpaś (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथमपुरुष), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); parasmaipada
yamasyaof Yama
yamasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — genitive relation to bahuduḥkhadam
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
bahu-duḥkha-damgiving much suffering
bahu-duḥkha-dam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) — qualifies kāntāram (as 'Yama's, giving much sorrow')
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + da (धातु; √dā/दा in sense 'to give' via -da suffix)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (bahuṃ duḥkhaṃ dadāti = giving much sorrow)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Kālāntaka

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga story; it introduces a ‘supreme gift’ that prevents encountering Yama’s painful wilderness—an eschatological/dharmic warning motif preparing for the next verse(s) specifying the dāna.

Significance: General: emphasizes protection from post-mortem suffering; in Śaiva reading, right conduct and Śiva-oriented merit mitigate Yama’s jurisdiction, ultimately superseded by Śiva’s grace.

Y
Yama

FAQs

It teaches that supremely meritorious dāna purifies karmic bonds and protects the soul from painful post-death experiences symbolized as Yama’s terrifying wilderness, aligning one toward Shiva’s grace and liberation.

In Shaiva practice, worship of Saguna Shiva (including Linga-pūjā) is strengthened by dharma such as dāna; charity becomes an outward expression of devotion that supports inner purification, making one fit for Shiva’s saving presence beyond Yama’s domain.

A practical takeaway is to pair Shiva worship with regular dāna (food, water, clothing, or support to the needy) as part of vrata/pujā discipline—especially on Shiva days—so devotion is joined with purifying action.