Shloka 138

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

वालिना हृतराज्येन सुग्रीवेण महाप्रभुः।चक्रेऽग्निसाक्षिकं सख्यं राघवस्सह लक्ष्मणः।।।।

Transliteration

vālinā hṛtarājyena sugrīveṇa mahāprabhuḥ | cakre ’gnisākṣikaṃ sakhyaṃ rāghavaḥ saha lakṣmaṇaḥ ||

Translation

ਵਾਲੀ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਰਾਜ ਛੀਨ ਲਏ ਗਏ ਸੁਗ੍ਰੀਵ ਨਾਲ ਮਹਾਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਰਾਘਵ ਨੇ ਲਕਸ਼ਮਣ ਸਮੇਤ ਅੱਗ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਕਸ਼ੀ ਰੱਖ ਕੇ ਸਖ਼ੀ-ਬੰਧਨ ਕੀਤਾ।

Word by Word

• वालिना: by Vali
• वालिना: Karana (करण) (agent in passive sense of hṛta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• हृतराज्येन: whose kingdom was usurped
• हृतराज्येन: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृत + राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् सुग्रीवेण; समासः कर्मधारय: हृतं राज्यं यस्य (whose kingdom was taken)

• सुग्रीवेण: with Sugriva
• सुग्रीवेण: Sahakāraka (सहकारक) (with whom friendship made)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• महाप्रभुः: the great lord
• महाप्रभुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारय; विशेषण-प्रधान संज्ञा (the great lord)

• चक्रे: made
• चक्रे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (cakre)

• अग्निसाक्षिकम्: with fire as witness
• अग्निसाक्षिकम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अग्नि + साक्षिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् सख्यम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः: अग्निः साक्षी यस्य (with fire as witness)

• सख्यम्: friendship
• सख्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to महाप्रभुः

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सहकारक-निपात (indeclinable ‘with’)

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

With fire as witness the great lord, Rama along with Lakshmana made friendship with Sugriva whose kingdom had been usurped.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• Vālin
• Agni (fire)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sacred witnessing of vows: making alliances under a solemn witness (Agni) underscores truthfulness, accountability, and dharmic commitment.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān recounts the formalization of the Rāma–Sugrīva alliance, ritually affirmed with fire as witness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reliability and sanctity of promise: Rāma’s alliance is portrayed as principled and publicly accountable.