Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 55, Shloka 20

लङ्कादाहानन्तरचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Post-Conflagration Self-Examination and Assurance of Sita’s Safety

Devanagari script

तदहं भाग्यरहितो लुप्तधर्मार्थसङ्ग्रहः।।।।रोषदोषपरीतात्मा व्यक्तं लोकविनाशनः।

Transliteration

tad ahaṁ bhāgya-rahito lupta-dharmārtha-saṅgrahaḥ | roṣa-doṣa-parītātmā vyaktaṁ loka-vināśanaḥ ||

Translation

ਤਦ ਮੈਂ—ਭਾਗ੍ਯਹੀਨ, ਧਰਮ ਅਤੇ ਅਰਥ ਦਾ ਸੰਗ੍ਰਹਿ ਨਾ ਕਰ ਸਕਣ ਵਾਲਾ—ਕ੍ਰੋਧ ਦੇ ਦੋਸ਼ ਨਾਲ ਘਿਰੇ ਮਨ ਵਾਲਾ—ਸਪਸ਼ਟ ਹੀ ਲੋਕ-ਵਿਨਾਸ਼ ਦਾ ਕਾਰਨ ਹਾਂ।

Word by Word

• tat: then/therefore
• tat: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (particle/discourse marker)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• bhāgya-rahitaḥ: devoid of fortune
• bhāgya-rahitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāgya + rahita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham); तत्पुरुषः (bhāgyena rahitaḥ)

• lupta-dharma-artha-saṅgrahaḥ: one whose securing of dharma and artha is lost
• lupta-dharma-artha-saṅgrahaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: lupta (√lup + ta, क्त) + dharma + artha + saṅgraha (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham); बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (dharma-artha-saṅgrahaḥ luptaḥ yasya)

• roṣa-doṣa-parīta-ātmā: whose mind is overcome by anger and fault
• roṣa-doṣa-parīta-ātmā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: roṣa + doṣa + parīta (√pari-√i + ta, क्त) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham); तत्पुरुषः (roṣa-doṣaiḥ parītaḥ ātmā yasya)

• vyaktam: clearly/evidently
• vyaktam: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vyakta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• loka-vināśanaḥ: destroyer of the world
• loka-vināśanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka + vināśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (lokasya vināśanaḥ)

Context

'I have failed in seeking dharma and artha. It is evident is that I am a destroyer of the world because I was overtaken by anger. How unfortunate I am!'

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Dharma
• Artha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Anger (roṣa) is a moral hazard: when it eclipses judgment, it destroys dharma-oriented action and can harm the wider world. Dharma demands inner governance.

What is the narrative situation?

Still fearing that Sītā may have been harmed, Hanumān condemns his own anger-driven conduct as a catastrophic failure of duty.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity in self-evaluation—Hanumān measures himself against dharma rather than excusing himself through success or strength.