Shloka 37

त्रिसप्ततितमः सर्गः (Sarga 73): Mithilā Vivāha

Kanyādāna and the Fourfold Marriage Rites

Devanagari script

काकुत्स्थैश्च गृहीतेषु ललितेषु च पाणिषु।।।।पुष्पवृष्टिर्महत्यासीदन्तरिक्षात्सुभास्वरा।

Transliteration

kākutsthaiś ca gṛhīteṣu laliteṣu ca pāṇiṣu | puṣpavṛṣṭir mahaty āsīd antarikṣāt subhāsvarā ||

Translation

ਜਦੋਂ ਕਾਕੁਤ੍ਸਥਾਂ ਨੇ ਵਧੂਆਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਜ਼ੁਕ ਹੱਥ ਗ੍ਰਹਿਣ ਕੀਤੇ, ਤਾਂ ਆਕਾਸ਼ ਤੋਂ ਸ਼ੁਭ ਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ਮਾਨ ਮਹਾਨ ਪੁਸ਼ਪ-ਵਰਖਾ ਹੋਈ।

Word by Word

• काकुत्स्थैः: by the Kakutsthas (Rama etc.)
• काकुत्स्थैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काकुत्स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/सह), बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction

• गृहीतेषु: when/while (they were) held/accepted
• गृहीतेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गृह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय) → गृहीत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय, past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Locative plural

• ललितेषु: in the graceful
• ललितेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ललित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Locative plural (qualifying pāṇiṣu)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction

• पाणिषु: in (their) hands
• पाणिषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाणि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Locative plural

• पुष्पवृष्टिः: a rain of flowers
• पुष्पवृष्टिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प + वृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पुष्पाणां वृष्टिः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• महती: great
• महती: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (agreeing with puṣpavṛṣṭiḥ)

• आसीत्: was (occurred)
• आसीत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 3rd person singular

• अन्तरिक्षात्: from the sky
• अन्तरिक्षात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तरिक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Ablative singular

• सुभास्वरा: brilliant/splendid
• सुभास्वरा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + भास्वर (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
• Form: कर्मधारय (सु-भास्वरा = अत्यन्तं भास्वरा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (agreeing with puṣpavṛṣṭiḥ)

Context

While the descendants of Kakustha (Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata and Satrughna) heldthe elegant hands (of Sita, Urmila, Mandavi, and Srutakirti) there was a heavy rain of bright flowers from the sky.

Characters & Entities

• antarikṣa (sky)
• puṣpa (flowers)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A dhārmic act, performed rightly, is portrayed as harmonizing with the cosmos—nature and the divine realm symbolically affirm the truth and righteousness of the union.

What is the narrative situation?

At the moment of hand-taking, auspicious signs appear: a radiant shower of flowers falls from the heavens.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The princes’ purity of conduct and legitimacy of the rite—suggested by the auspicious heavenly response.