HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 73Shloka 12
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Shloka 12

त्रिसप्ततितमः सर्गः (Sarga 73): Mithilā Vivāha

Kanyādāna and the Fourfold Marriage Rites

दातृप्रतिग्रहीतृभ्यां सर्वार्था: प्रभवन्ति हि।।।।स्वधर्मं प्रतिपद्यस्व कृत्वा वैवाह्यमुत्तमम्।

dātṛpratigrahītṛbhyāṃ sarvārthāḥ prabhavanti hi | svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva kṛtvā vaivāhyam uttamam ||

ਦਾਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਗ੍ਰਾਹਕ—ਦੋਹਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਸਭ ਧਰਮਾਰਥ ਉਤਪੰਨ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਉੱਤਮ ਵਿਆਹ-ਵਿਧੀ ਕਰਕੇ ਆਪਣਾ ਸਵਧਰਮ ਨਿਭਾਓ।

kaḥwho
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; interrogative pronoun
sthitaḥstanding/waiting
sthitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthita (स्थित प्रातिपदिक; √sthā क्त)
FormKṛdanta: Kta-participle; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate adjective to ‘pratihāraḥ’
pratihāraḥdoorkeeper
pratihāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpratihāra (प्रतिहार प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
memy
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī (6th) Ekavacana (genitive singular) enclitic form
kasyawhose
kasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga/napuṃsaka, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; interrogative ‘whose’
ājñācommand
ājñā:
Karma (कर्म) (thing awaited)
TypeNoun
Rootājñā (आज्ञा प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
sampratīkṣyateis awaited
sampratīkṣyate:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-pra-√īkṣ (सम् + प्र + ईक्ष् धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra, Ātmanepada; Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana; passive-like sense ‘is being awaited’
svagṛhein (your) own house
svagṛhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva + gṛha (स्व + गृह प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: ‘in one’s own house’
kaḥwhat
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; interrogative
vicāraḥhesitation/deliberation
vicāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvicāra (विचार प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
astiis
asti:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra, Parasmaipada; Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana
yathājust as
yathā:
Upamāna/Relation (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; comparative particle ‘as/just as’
rājyamkingdom
rājyam:
Karta (कर्ता) (subject of implied ‘asti’)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (राज्य प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
idamthis
idam:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; demonstrative qualifying ‘rājyam’
tavaof you/your
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (युष्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī, Ekavacana (genitive singular)

The giver and the receiver, indeed, attain all ends. Fulfil your own duty by performing the auspicious marriage".

V
Vasiṣṭha
J
Janaka

FAQs

Svadharma: social and spiritual order is sustained when each party performs their rightful role—giver and receiver—truthfully and responsibly.

Vasiṣṭha instructs Janaka that the marriage must proceed properly, emphasizing the mutual roles that complete the rite.

Duty-consciousness and integrity in ritual action—doing what is proper because it is right, not merely customary.