Shloka 13

वैवाहिकसंबन्ध

निश्चयः / Fixing the Mithila–Ayodhya Marital Alliance

Devanagari script

उत्तरे दिवसे ब्रह्मन् फल्गुनीभ्यां मनीषिण:।वैवाहिकं प्रशंसन्ति भगो यत्र प्रजापति:।।।।

Transliteration

uttare divase brahman phalgunībhyāṃ manīṣiṇaḥ | vaivāhikaṃ praśaṃsanti bhago yatra prajāpatiḥ ||

Translation

ਹੇ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ! ਬੁੱਧਿਮਾਨ ਮਨੀਸ਼ੀ ਉੱਤਰ ਦਿਨ ਨੂੰ, ਫਲਗੁਨੀ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਨਕਸ਼ਤਰਾਂ ਦੇ ਯੋਗ ਵਿੱਚ—ਜਿੱਥੇ ਪ੍ਰਜਾਪਤੀ ਰੂਪ ਭਗ ਦੇਵ ਅਧਿਪਤੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ—ਵਿਆਹ ਦੀ ਵਿਧੀ ਨੂੰ ਅਤਿ ਸ਼ੁਭ ਕਹਿ ਕੇ ਸਰਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• uttare: on the later
• uttare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th); एकवचन; ‘later/following’ (agreeing with divase)

• divase: day
• divase: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th); एकवचन

• brahman: O Brahmin (O revered one)
• brahman: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative); एकवचन

• phalgunībhyām: by/with the two Phalgunīs
• phalgunībhyām: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: phalgunī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd); द्विवचन; (dual asterisms ‘the two Phalgunīs’)

• manīṣiṇaḥ: wise people
• manīṣiṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manīṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st); बहुवचन

• vaivāhikam: the marriage (rite/day)
• vaivāhikam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaivāhika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd); एकवचन; ‘marriage-related (rite/day)’

• praśaṃsanti: praise
• praśaṃsanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-śaṃs (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present); प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person); बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• bhagaḥ: Bhaga
• bhagaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st); एकवचन; देवता-नाम

• yatra: where/when
• yatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्ध/स्थानवाचक-प्रश्न/सम्बन्ध (relative adverb): ‘where/when’

• prajāpatiḥ: (as) Prajāpati
• prajāpatiḥ: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajāpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st); एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (prajā + pati)

Context

"The wise, O Brahmin! think the marriage is favourable when Bhaga is Prajapati on the succeeding day of the ascent of the two stars. (that is, when poorva is followed by uttara phalguni).

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• Viśvāmitra
• Bhaga
• Prajāpati

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes acting in harmony with sanctioned tradition: rites are performed at auspicious times to align personal life-events with cosmic and social order.

What is the narrative situation?

Janaka indicates the preferred auspicious day for conducting the weddings, referencing traditional astrological/ritual considerations.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Ritual conscientiousness—Janaka shows careful attention to propriety and the well-being associated with correct ceremonial timing.