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Valmiki Ramayana 2.23.22Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 23, Shloka 22

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः—दैवपुरुषकारविवादः

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Debate on Destiny vs Human Effort

यैर्निवासस्तवारण्ये मिथो राजन्समर्थितः।अरण्ये ते निवत्स्यन्ति चतुर्दश समास्तथा।।।।

yair nivāsas tavāraṇye mitho rājan samarthitaḥ |

araṇye te nivatsyanti caturdaśa samās tathā ||

ਹੇ ਰਾਜਨ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਮਿਲ ਕੇ ਤੇਰੇ ਵਨਵਾਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਰਥਨ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹੀ ਚੌਦਾਂ ਵਰ੍ਹੇ ਵਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੀ ਵੱਸਣਗੇ।

यैःby whom
यैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
निवासःdwelling, residence
निवासः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनिवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अरण्येin the forest
अरण्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
मिथःmutually
मिथः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथः (अव्यय)
Formपरस्परवाचक-अव्यय (mutually)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
समर्थितःsupported, endorsed
समर्थितः:
Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+अर्थ् (धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘समर्थित’ = supported/approved
अरण्येin the forest
अरण्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
निवत्स्यन्तिwill dwell
निवत्स्यन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवत्स् (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; उपसर्गः नि-
चतुर्दशfourteen
चतुर्दश:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् + दश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्यासमासः (द्विगु), ‘चतुर्दश’ = 14; समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण विशेषणम् (qualifier of समाः)
समाःyears
समाः:
Karma (कर्म/extent of time)
TypeNoun
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (in that manner/likewise)

O king! those who, with mutual support banished you to the forest, will themselves dwell in the forest for fourteen years.

L
Lakṣmaṇa
R
Rāma
A
araṇya (forest)
F
fourteen years

FAQs

It expresses a retributive impulse—answering wrong with mirrored consequence—raising the dharmic question of whether justice should be punitive or restrained.

Lakṣmaṇa reacts to the plan sending Rāma to forest exile, wishing the instigators to suffer the same fate.

Protective indignation on behalf of Rāma; the verse also exposes the moral danger of anger turning into vengeance.

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