Padma Purana — Srishti Khanda, Shloka 40

Agastya Arghya Rite and the Gaurī & Sārasvata Vows

with Origin Narratives and Merit Statements

Devanagari script

मलयस्यैकदेशे तु वैखानस विधानतः । सभार्यः संवृतो विप्रैस्तपश्चक्रे सुदुष्करम्

Transliteration

malayasyaikadeśe tu vaikhānasa vidhānataḥ | sabhāryaḥ saṃvṛto vipraistapaścakre suduṣkaram

Translation

ਮਲਯ ਪਹਾੜਾਂ ਦੇ ਇਕ ਭਾਗ ਵਿੱਚ, ਵੈਖਾਨਸ ਵਿਧਾਨ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ, ਉਹ ਆਪਣੀ ਪਤਨੀ ਸਮੇਤ ਅਤੇ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ਰਿਸ਼ੀਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਘਿਰਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ, ਅਤਿ ਕਠਿਨ ਤਪੱਸਿਆ ਕਰਨ ਲੱਗਾ।

Word by Word

• मलयस्य: of Malaya (mountain)
• मलयस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मलय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• एकदेशे: in one part/region
• एकदेशे: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक) + देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (एकः देशः)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण/विरोधार्थक अव्यय (indeed/but)

• वैखानस: (according to) Vaikhānasa (tradition)
• वैखानस: Sambandha (Qualifier/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैखानस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (विधानतः) / पद्धतिवाचक

• विधानतः: according to the prescribed rule
• विधानतः: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधानतः (अव्यय)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (in accordance with/according to rule)

• सभार्यः: with (his) wife
• सभार्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्ययार्थ) + भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—बहुव्रीहि (भार्यया सह वर्तते सः)

• संवृतः: surrounded/attended
• संवृतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + वृ (धातु) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• विप्रैः: by Brahmins
• विप्रैः: Karana (Instrument/Agentive instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• चक्रे: performed/did
• चक्रे: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• सुदुष्करम्: very difficult
• सुदुष्करम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + दुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (तपः)

Speaker

Narrator (context not specified in the provided excerpt; likely within the Pulastya–Bhīṣma dialogue frame common to the Padma Purāṇa)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: mountain

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मलयस्य+एकदेशे → मलयस्यैकदेशे; सभार्यः+संवृतः → सभार्यः संवृतः; विप्रैः+तपः → विप्रैस्तपः; तपः+चक्रे → तपश्चक्रे

Characters & Entities

• Malaya
• Vaikhānasa
• Vipra (Brahmins)

FAQs

What does this verse reveal about the geography of sacred Tirthas?

It places the austerity in the Malaya region (a well-known southern mountain range in Purāṇic geography), indicating that sanctity is associated with specific landscapes where disciplined practice is undertaken.

How does this verse emphasize the path of Bhakti?

While the verse foregrounds tapas rather than explicit devotion, it aligns with bhakti-oriented Purāṇic ideals by showing disciplined, rule-based religious life (Vaikhānasa observance) as a supportive foundation for God-centered piety.

What is the ethical lesson from this dialogue?

Religious attainment is presented as requiring perseverance, adherence to a recognized discipline (vidhāna), and the support of a virtuous community (vipras), even in demanding conditions.