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Shloka 24

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

तत्वारि तु सहस्राणि वर्षाणां मानुषाणि तु ।

आयुः प्रमाणं जीवन्ति न च क्लेशाद्विपत्तयः ॥

tatvāri tu sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ mānuṣāṇi tu /

āyuḥ pramāṇaṃ jīvanti na ca kleśādvipattayaḥ

ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਆਯੁ ਦਾ ਮਾਪ ਚਾਰ ਹਜ਼ਾਰ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਸਾਲ ਸੀ। ਉਹ ਉਸ ਪੂਰੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਤੱਕ ਜੀਉਂਦੇ ਰਹੇ, ਅਤੇ ਰੋਗ ਆਦਿ ਕਲੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਕੋਈ ਬਿਪਤਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਉੱਠਦੀ ਸੀ।

तत्that
तत्:
विशेषण (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण (निर्देशक)
वारिwater
वारि:
कर्ता/विषय (subject/topic)
TypeNoun
Rootवारि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
प्रमाण (measure/quantifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक
वर्षाणाम्of years
वर्षाणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
मानुषाणिhuman (i.e., in human years)
मानुषाणि:
विशेषण (qualifier of ‘years’)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; विशेषण
तुindeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान-निपात
आयुःlifespan
आयुः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
प्रमाणम्measure, standard
प्रमाणम्:
कर्म/पूरक (complement)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विधेय (predicative object/complement)
जीवन्तिlive
जीवन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
not
:
निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)
and
:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात
क्लेशात्from distress, due to affliction
क्लेशात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/ablative cause-source)
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन
विपत्तयःcalamities, misfortunes
विपत्तयः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविपत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
Narrative voice within the Purana’s cosmological account
LongevityKleśa (affliction)Idealized epoch

FAQs

Suffering and ‘vipatti’ are not intrinsic to embodiment; they are contingent on the moral-cosmic condition of an age. As order declines, lifespan contracts and afflictions multiply.

Manvantara/Pratisarga-style epochal metrics: lifespan standards and the quality of life in a given world-phase.

‘No kleśa-born calamities’ suggests a psyche not dominated by the kleśas (avidyā, asmitā, rāga, dveṣa, abhiniveśa); cosmology here mirrors yogic psychology.