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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 22, Shloka 41

Adhyaya 22 — Kuvalayashva’s Death through Daitya-Deceit and Madalasa’s Self-Immolation

Sanskrit

मातोवाच न मे मात्रा न मे स्वस्त्रा प्राप्ता प्रीतिर्नृपेदृशी ।

श्रुत्वा मुनिपरित्राणे हतं पुत्रं यथा मया ॥

Transliteration

mātovāca na me mātrā na me svastrā prāptā prītir nṛpa edṛśī |

śrutvā muni-paritrāṇe hataṃ putraṃ yathā mayā ||

Translation

ਮਾਂ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ—ਹੇ ਰਾਜਾ, ਨਾ ਮਾਂ ਹੋਣ ਤੋਂ, ਨਾ ਭੈਣ ਹੋਣ ਤੋਂ, ਮੈਨੂੰ ਕਦੇ ਐਸਾ ਸੁਖ ਨਹੀਂ ਮਿਲਿਆ, ਜਿਹਾ ਇਹ ਸੁਣ ਕੇ ਮਿਲਿਆ ਕਿ ਮੇਰਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਮੁਨੀ ਦੀ ਰੱਖਿਆ ਕਰਦਿਆਂ ਮਾਰਿਆ ਗਿਆ।

Word by Word
mātāthe mother
mātā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वचने)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधार्थक-अव्यय)
mefor me/my
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (enclitic)
mātrāby (my) mother
mātrā:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; ‘by (my) mother’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधार्थक-अव्यय)
mefor me/my
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (enclitic)
svastrāby (my) sister
svastrā:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootsvasṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; ‘by (my) sister’
prāptāwas obtained
prāptā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√āp (प्राप्तौ)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; agreeing with ‘prītiḥ’: ‘was obtained’
prītiḥaffection/joy
prītiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprīti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; subject of ‘prāptā’
nṛpa-īdṛśīking-like/such as a king’s
nṛpa-īdṛśī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + īdṛśī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; qualifying ‘prītiḥ’: ‘such as (befitting) a king’
śrutvāhaving heard
śrutvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (श्रवणे)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having heard’
muni-paritrāṇein (the act of) protecting the sage
muni-paritrāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + paritrāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; context/occasion ‘in the protecting of the sage’; tatpuruṣa
hatamkilled
hatam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Root√han (हिंसागत्योः)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; qualifying ‘putram’
putramson
putram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular
yathāas/just as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormComparative/relative adverb (यथार्थक-अव्यय)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular
Speakers
Kuvalayāśva’s mother (addressing a king: nṛpa)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
DharmaGlorification of protecting sages/brāhmaṇasReframing grief as spiritual joyMaternal voice in dharma discourse

FAQs

The verse teaches a hierarchy of values: the highest ‘joy’ is not biological or social identity, but participation—through one’s kin—in the protection of spiritual authority (muni), i.e., dharma itself.

Didactic narrative reinforcing dharma (ācāra) rather than cosmological/genealogical pañcalakṣaṇa elements.

The ‘muni’ symbolizes inner silence and wisdom; protecting the muni can signify safeguarding contemplative clarity against the ‘battle’ of passions, even at the cost of egoic attachments.

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