Shloka 17
आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः
Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation
Devanagari script
यदा भुवि जयी राजा क्षेमं राष्ट्रेडभिसंदधेत् । तदा वर्णा यथाधर्म निविशेयु: कथंचन
Translation
ਜਦੋਂ ਧਰਤੀ ਉੱਤੇ ਜੇਤੂ ਰਾਜਾ ਆਪਣੇ ਰਾਜ ਵਿੱਚ ਖੇਮ-ਕਲਿਆਣਕਾਰੀ ਸ਼ਾਸਨ ਕਾਇਮ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੇ, ਤਦ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਤਰੀਕੇ ਨਾਲ ਸਾਰੇ ਵਰਣਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ-ਆਪਣੇ ਧਰਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਟਿਕਾ ਕੇ ਰੱਖਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जयीvictorious
जयी:
TypeAdjective
Rootजयिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षेमम्welfare, security
क्षेमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राष्ट्रेin the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभिसंदधेत्should establish/arrange
अभिसंदधेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा (अभि-सम्-धा)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
वर्णाःthe social classes (varnas)
वर्णाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाaccording to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
धर्मम्duty/law
धर्मम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निविशेयुःshould settle/engage (themselves)
निविशेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कथंचनsomehow, by any means
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes