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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 270 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on saṃnyāsa; Bhīṣma on calculable time, tamas, and karma

Vṛtra–Uśanā exemplum begins

ततस्त्वल्पेन कालेन तुष्टो जलधरस्तदा । तस्योपकारनियतामिमां वाचमुवाच ह,इससे वह मेघ थोड़े ही समयमें संतुष्ट हो गया और उसने ब्राह्मणके उपकारमें नियमपूर्वक प्रवृत्ति सूचित करनेवाली यह बात कही--

tatastv alpena kālena tuṣṭo jaladharas tadā | tasyopakāra-niyatām imāṁ vācam uvāca ha ||

ਫਿਰ ਥੋੜ੍ਹੇ ਹੀ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਹ ਜਲਧਰ ਬੱਦਲ ਪ੍ਰਸੰਨ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ। ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ਦੇ ਉਪਕਾਰ ਦਾ ਨਿਯਮ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਉਪਕਾਰ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਸੰਕਲਪ ਦਿਖਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੋਇਆ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਇਹ ਬਚਨ ਕਿਹਾ।

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अल्पेनby a little (time)
अल्पेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कालेनby time; in (a short) time
कालेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तुष्टःpleased, satisfied
तुष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जलधरःcloud (water-bearer)
जलधरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजलधर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तस्यof him/it; his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
उपकार-नियताम्directed/intent on (rendering) help
उपकार-नियताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपकारनियता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाचम्speech, words
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
J
jaladhara (rain-cloud)
B
brāhmaṇa (implied by context: beneficiary of gratitude)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṛtajñatā (gratitude): one should consciously and in a disciplined way repay help received, treating benefaction as a moral obligation rather than a casual sentiment.

Bhīṣma narrates that a rain-cloud, quickly pleased, prepares to speak—announcing its intention to act in accordance with gratitude for a Brahmin’s assistance, setting up the cloud’s forthcoming promise or response.