Shloka 4

धर्मलक्षण-प्रश्नः (Marks and Sources of Dharma) | Chapter 251: Inquiry into the Definition of Dharma

Devanagari script

चरणं मारुतात्मेति प्राणापानौ च तन्‍्मयौ | स्पर्शन॑ चेन्द्रियं विद्यात्‌ तथा स्पर्श च तन्‍्मयम्‌

Transliteration

caraṇaṁ mārutātmā iti prāṇāpānau ca tanmayau | sparśanaṁ cendriyaṁ vidyāt tathā sparśaṁ ca tanmayam |

Translation

ਚਲਣਾ-ਫਿਰਣਾ ਵਾਯੂ ਦਾ ਧਰਮ ਹੈ; ਪ੍ਰਾਣ ਅਤੇ ਅਪਾਨ ਵੀ ਉਸੇ ਵਾਯੂ-ਤੱਤਵਮਯ ਹਨ। ਸਪਰਸ਼ੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਯ (ਚਮੜੀ) ਅਤੇ ‘ਸਪਰਸ਼’ ਨਾਮਕ ਗੁਣ ਨੂੰ ਵੀ ਵਾਯੂਮਯ ਹੀ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।

Word by Word

• चरणम्: movement/going (lit. step)
• चरणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मारुतात्मा: having wind as its essence; wind-natured
• मारुतात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारुतात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• प्राणापानौ: prāṇa and apāna (vital airs)
• प्राणापानौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राणापान
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तन्मयौ: consisting of that; of that nature
• तन्मयौ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तन्मय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• स्पर्शनम्: touching/contact
• स्पर्शनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पर्शन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• इन्द्रियम्: sense-organ
• इन्द्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विद्यात्: should know/understand
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तथा: likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• स्पर्शम्: touch (as a quality)
• स्पर्शम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पर्श
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तन्मयम्: as consisting of that; of that nature
• तन्मयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तन्मय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Vāyu (Wind)
• prāṇa
• apāna
• sparśana-indriya (skin/tactile organ)
• sparśa (touch)