Shanti Parva Adhyaya 166 Shloka 23 - Mahabharata | Punjabi | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

Devanagari script

प्राजापत्यमदत्त्वाश्चमग्न्याधेयस्य दक्षिणाम्‌ । अनाहिताग्निरिति स प्रोच्यते धर्मदर्शिभि:

Transliteration

prājāpatyam adattvāś ca agnyādheyasya dakṣiṇām | anāhitāgnir iti sa procyate dharmadarśibhiḥ ||

Translation

ਭੀਸ਼ਮ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ— ਜੋ ਅਗਨਿਆਧਾਨ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰ ਕੇ ਪ੍ਰਜਾਪਤੀ ਲਈ ਨਿਯਤ ਦਕਸ਼ਿਣਾ (ਅਸ਼ਵ-ਰੂਪ ਦਕਸ਼ਿਣਾ) ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੰਦਾ, ਧਰਮ-ਦਰਸ਼ੀ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ‘ਅਨਾਹਿਤਾਗਨੀ’ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

प्राजापत्यम्Prajapati-related (Prajapatya)

अदत्त्वाhaving not given

चand

अग्न्याधेयस्यof the Agnyādhāna (establishing the sacred fires)

दक्षिणाम्the sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā)

अनाहिताग्निःone who has not established the sacred fires

इतिthus

सःhe

प्रोच्यतेis called / is said

धर्मदर्शिभिःby the seers of dharma / those who perceive dharma

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Prajāpati

Agnyādhāna (Agnyādheya)

Dakṣiṇā (ritual fee)

Aśva (horse, as the specified form of dakṣiṇā in the given gloss)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ritual acts are incomplete without fulfilling their prescribed obligations—especially the proper dakṣiṇā. Merely lighting or commencing the sacred-fire rite does not confer the status of an ‘āhitāgni’ unless the rite is completed in accordance with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma in the Śānti Parva, he defines a normative standard: a person who starts Agnyādhāna but withholds the Prajāpati-related dakṣiṇā is judged by dharma-knowers as effectively ‘not having established the fires’ (anāhitāgni).