Shloka 11

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत शान्तिपर्वके अन्तर्गत राजधमनुशासनपर्वमें अजुनके वचनके प्रयंगरें ऋषियों और पक्षिरूपधारी इन्द्रके संवादका वर्णनविषयक ग्यारहवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ

krodhaharṣāvanādṛtya paiśunyaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ | vipro vedānadhīte yaḥ sa tyāgī pārtha ucyate ||

kuntīnandana! yo brāhmaṇaḥ krodhaṃ harṣaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ paiśunyaṃ (paradūṣaṇa-rūpāṃ paiśunikatām) avajñāya nityaṃ vedasvādhyāye rataḥ, sa tyāgī iti ucyate |

ਨਕੁਲ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ—“ਹੇ ਪਾਰਥ! ਜੋ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ਕ੍ਰੋਧ ਅਤੇ ਹੱਦੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਹर्ष ਨੂੰ ਤਿਆਗ ਕੇ, ਅਤੇ ਖ਼ਾਸ ਕਰਕੇ ਚੁਗ਼ਲੀ-ਨਿੰਦਾ (ਪੈਸ਼ੁਨ੍ਯ) ਦੀ ਆਦਤ ਛੱਡ ਕੇ, ਸਦਾ ਵੇਦਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਵਾਧਿਆਇ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੀਨ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ—ਉਹੀ ਤਿਆਗੀ ਕਹਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।”

क्रोधanger
क्रोध:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हर्षjoy
हर्ष:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनादृत्यhaving disregarded
अनादृत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ + √दृ (दर्शन/आदर)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
पैशुन्यम्slander, backbiting
पैशुन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपैशुन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतस्
विप्रःa brahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदान्the Vedas
वेदान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधीतेstudies, recites
अधीते:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि + √इ (अध्ययन)
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागीa renouncer
त्यागी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्यागिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (वद्) + उ (passive formation)
FormLat (Present), Passive, Third, Singular

अर्जुन उवाच

पार्थ (Arjuna)
कुन्तीनन्दन (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

True renunciation is primarily ethical and inward: restraining anger and excessive elation, rejecting slander and tale-bearing, and maintaining disciplined commitment to sacred study. Tyāga is framed as mastery over impulses and speech rather than mere external withdrawal.

In the Shānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, a definition of the ‘tyāgī’ is presented to Pārtha (Arjuna). The verse functions as a normative statement about Brahmin conduct, emphasizing self-restraint and svādhyāya as marks of genuine renunciation.