Shloka 32

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection

Devanagari script

स्वेषां प्रियहिते युक्त पितृणां जयगृद्धिनम्‌ । न च पूर्व प्रह्तारिं संग्रामे नष्टसम्भ्रमम्‌

Transliteration

sveṣāṃ priyahite yuktaṃ pitṝṇāṃ jayagṛddhinam | na ca pūrva-prahartāraṃ saṅgrāme naṣṭa-sambhramam ||

Translation

ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੱਖ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਿਯ ਅਤੇ ਹਿਤ ਦੀ ਸਾਧਨਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੱਗਾ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਸੀ, ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗਾਂ ਲਈ ਜਿੱਤ ਦਾ ਲਾਲਚੀ; ਅਤੇ ਜੰਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਹ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਪਹਿਲਾ ਵਾਰ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਸੀ—ਉਹ ਘਬਰਾਹਟ ਤੋਂ ਰਹਿਤ, ਭਰਮ ਤੋਂ ਅਡੋਲ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਲੜਦਾ ਸੀ।

Word by Word

• स्वेषाम्: of their own
• स्वेषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• प्रियहिते: in (their) dear and beneficial (interest)
• प्रियहिते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• युक्तम्: devoted/engaged
• युक्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज् (धातु) → युक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पितॄणाम्: of the fathers/elders
• पितॄणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• जयगृद्धिनम्: greedy/eager for victory
• जयगृद्धिनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जय-गृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पूर्वम्: formerly/before
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रहर्तारम्: the striker/assailant
• प्रहर्तारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-हृ (धातु) → प्रहर्तृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• संग्रामे: in battle
• संग्रामे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• नष्टसम्भ्रमम्: whose confusion is gone; unflustered
• नष्टसम्भ्रमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नष्ट-सम्भ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a warrior’s ethical-psychological ideal in epic warfare: loyalty to one’s own and to elders, coupled with steadiness of mind (absence of sambhrama—panic/confusion). Victory-seeking is presented as disciplined resolve rather than reckless aggression.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is characterizing a combatant’s disposition in the Drona Parva battle context—describing him as committed to his side’s welfare and victory, and as fighting with calm focus, not thrown into disarray amid the clash.