Shloka 8
अभिमन्यु-परिवेष्टनम्
Encirclement and Counterassault of Abhimanyu
Devanagari script
अभिमन्युश्व तां वाचं कदर्थीकृत्य सारथे:
Transliteration
abhimanyuś ca tāṃ vācaṃ kadarthīkṛtya sārathiḥ
Translation
ਸੰਜਯ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ—ਅਭਿਮਨ੍ਯੂ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਬੋਲ ਨੂੰ ਅਣਉਚਿਤ ਜਾਣ ਕੇ ਠੁਕਰਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਜੰਗ-ਭੂਮੀ ਦੀ ਤੁਰੰਤਤਾ ਤੇ ਧਰਮ-ਸਪਸ਼ਟਤਾ ਨਾਲ ਸਾਰਥੀ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਬੋਧਨ ਕੀਤਾ।
Word by Word
अभिमन्युःAbhimanyu
अभिमन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
ताम्that
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाचम्speech/words
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कदर्थीकृत्यhaving insulted/abused (having made contemptible)
कदर्थीकृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootकदर्थी-√कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सारथेःof the charioteer
सारथेः:
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
A
AbhimanyuS
SañjayaS
sārathi (charioteer)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even amid war, one must uphold dharma through disciplined speech: unworthy or discouraging counsel is to be rejected, and action should proceed with clarity, courage, and responsibility.
Sañjaya narrates that Abhimanyu rejects a particular statement as improper and then turns to address the charioteer, indicating a decisive shift from reacting to words to directing the next course of action in battle.