Shloka 3

Nirmaryāda-saṃgrāma-varṇana — The Unbounded Clash and Bhīṣma’s Rallying Presence

Devanagari script

#स्न्मल () अऔमससा ३१. 'मूल” शब्द कारणका वाचक है। इस संसारवृक्षकी उत्पत्ति और इसका विस्तार आदिपुरुष नारायणसे ही हुआ है

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca

Translation

ਅਰਜੁਨ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ।

Word by Word

• तेजः: splendour, vigor
• तेजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• क्षमा: forbearance, forgiveness
• क्षमा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• धृतिः: steadfastness, fortitude
• धृतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• शौचम्: purity, cleanliness
• शौचम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौच
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अद्रोहः: non-malice, absence of hostility
• अद्रोहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रोह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अतिमानिता: arrogance, excessive self-esteem
• अतिमानिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिमानिता
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• भवन्ति: are, become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सम्पदम्: wealth; endowment; (here) set of qualities
• सम्पदम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्पद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• दैवीम्: divine
• दैवीम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दैवी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अभिजातस्य: of one who is well-born / born with (divine) nature
• अभिजातस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिजात
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• भारत: O Bharata (Arjuna)
• भारत: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

This line itself is not a doctrinal statement; it functions as a formal marker introducing Arjuna’s speech, signaling that the next verse(s) present his question, doubt, or response within the ethical and spiritual dialogue.

What is happening in the narrative?

Within Bhīṣma Parva’s Gītā dialogue on the battlefield, the narration shifts to Arjuna as the speaker; the text indicates that Arjuna is about to address Kṛṣṇa.