Mantra 10

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

श्रेयःकेतो वसुजित् सहीयान्त्संग्रामजित् संशितो ब्रह्मणासि । अंशूनिव ग्रावाधिषवणे अद्रिर्गव्यन् दुन्दुभेऽधि नृत्य वेदः

IAST Transliteration

śréyaḥ-ketaḥ vasú-jit sahīyā́n saṅgrāma-jít saṃśitó bráhmaṇāsi | aṃśū́n-iva grā́vā adhi-ṣávaṇe ádrir gavyán dundubhé ’dhi nr̥tya védaḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Marked with the sign of welfare, a winner of goods, the mightier; battle-victor, whetted keen—by sacred spell thou art. Like rays the pressing-stone upon the pressing, a stone that seeketh cattle: upon the drum dance thou, O knowing one.

Translation

ਸ਼੍ਰੇਯಃਕੇਤੁ (ਕਲਿਆਣ-ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ ਵਾਲਾ), ਵਸੁਜਿਤ् (ਧਨ-ਜਿੱਤਣ ਵਾਲਾ), ਹੋਰ ਵੀ ਬਲਵਾਨ; ਸੰਗ੍ਰਾਮਜਿਤ् (ਯੁੱਧ-ਵਿਜੇਤਾ), ਤਿੱਖਾ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੋਇਆ—ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਣ (ਮੰਤ੍ਰ-ਬਲ) ਨਾਲ ਤੂੰ ਐਸਾ ਹੈਂ। ਅਧਿਸ਼ਵਣ (ਪੇੜਨ) ਉੱਤੇ ਗ੍ਰਾਵਾ (ਪੇੜਨ-ਪੱਥਰ) ਕਿਰਨਾਂ ਵਾਂਗ ਅੰਸ਼ੂਆਂ ਵਾਂਗ ਚਲਦਾ ਹੈ; ਅਦ੍ਰਿ (ਪੱਥਰ) ਗਾਂਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਲੱਭਦਾ ਹੈ: ਦੁੰਦੁਭੀ (ਢੋਲ) ਉੱਤੇ ਨੱਚ, ਹੇ ਵੇਦ (ਜਾਣਨ ਵਾਲੇ)।

Word by Word

• श्रेयःकेतः: having the sign/mark of prosperity; auspicious-bannered
• श्रेयःकेतः: Kartā (सम्बोधन/विशेषणरूपेण मुख्यपदस्य)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: श्रेयस्- (प्रातिपदिक) + केतु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वसुजित्: winner of wealth
• वसुजित्: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: वसु- (प्रातिपदिक) + √जि (जये)

• सहीयान्: mightier, stronger
• सहीयान्: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहस्/सह- (प्रातिपदिक; तुलनात्मक-प्रत्यय ‘-īyas’)

• संग्रामजित्: victor in battle
• संग्रामजित्: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: संग्राम- (प्रातिपदिक) + √जि (जये)

• संशितः: sharpened; whetted
• संशितः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: सम् + √शि/√शै (शाने/तीक्ष्णीकरणे) → ‘संशित’

• ब्रह्मणा: by/with sacred power; by prayer (brahman)
• ब्रह्मणा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: (क्रियापदम्; कर्तरि संबन्धः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भुवि)

• अंशूनि: rays; (also) Soma-stalks/threads
• अंशूनि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: (सम्बन्धसूचकः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• ग्रावा: the pressing-stone
• ग्रावा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रावन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधिषवणे: at/over the pressing (place/act)
• अधिषवणे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (locative phrase)
• Root: अधि + सवन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अद्रिः: the stone; rock (pressing-stone)
• अद्रिः: Kartā (समनाधिकरण/अप्पोजिशन to ग्रावा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गव्यन्: seeking cows; going for cattle (cattle-winning)
• गव्यन्: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle-like
• Root: गो- (प्रातिपदिक) + √या/√इ (गत्यर्थ; ‘गव्य’), न्-प्रत्ययान्तः ‘गव्यन्’

• दुन्दुभे: on/at the drum (dundubhi)
• दुन्दुभे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुन्दुभि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa-सम्बन्धे
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/postposition)
• Root: अधि

• नृत्य: dancing; having danced
• नृत्य: (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb (non-finite)
• Root: √नृत् (नर्तने)

• वेदः: knowledge; the Veda (sacred lore)
• वेदः: Kartā/Predicate-noun (समाप्तिपदम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: √विद् (ज्ञाने) → वेद- (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (unit within a battle-hymn complex)

Devata: Brahman/Indraic victory-power (implicit); martial force personified

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: raudra