Mantra 10

Sukta 37

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

एते स्तोमा नरां नृतम तुभ्यमस्मद्र्यऽञ्चो ददतो मघानि । तेषामिन्द्र वृत्रहत्ये शिवो भूः सखा च शूरोऽविता च नृणाम्

IAST Transliteration

eté stómā narā́m nṛ́-tama túbhyam asmádr̥y-àñco dádato maghā́ni | téṣām indra vr̥tra-hátye śivó bhūḥ sákhā ca śūró ’vitā́ ca nr̥ṇā́m ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

These praises of men, O most manly, are for thee—right-aimed from us—who bestow (on thee) gifts. For them, O Indra, in the Vṛtra-slaying be thou gracious: a friend, a hero, and a helper of men.

Translation

ਹੇ ਨਰੋਤਮ (ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਪੁਰਖਾਰਥੀ) ਇੰਦਰ, ਮਨੁੱਖਾਂ ਦੇ ਇਹ ਸਤੋਤ੍ਰ ਤੇਰੇ ਲਈ ਹਨ—ਸਾਡੇ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਸਿੱਧੇ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨੇ ਵੱਲ—ਜੋ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਦਾਨ-ਭੇਟਾਂ ਅਰਪਣ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਹੇ ਇੰਦਰ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਲਈ ਵ੍ਰਿਤ੍ਰ-ਵਧ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਿਵ (ਸ਼ੁਭ) ਤੇ ਕਿਰਪਾਲੂ ਹੋ; ਮਨੁੱਖਾਂ ਦਾ ਮਿੱਤਰ, ਸ਼ੂਰਵੀਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਹਾਇਕ ਬਣ।

Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• स्तोमाः: praises, hymns
• स्तोमाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• नराम्: of men
• नराम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृतम: O most manly (best of men)
• नृतम: Sampradāna (addressed recipient)
• Type: Adjective (used as epithet)
• Root: नृतम (प्रातिपदिक; नृ-तम = ‘most manly/best of men’)

• तुभ्यम्: to you
• तुभ्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मद्: from us
• अस्मद्: Apādāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋयञ्चः: directed toward wealth (bounteous)
• ऋयञ्चः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋयञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘going/turned toward wealth’)

• ददतः: giving, bestowing
• ददतः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: दा (धातु)

• मघानि: gifts, bounties
• मघानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघ (प्रातिपदिक)

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sampradāna (address)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृत्रहत्ये: in the Vṛtra-slaying (battle)
• वृत्रहत्ये: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्रहत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘slaying of Vṛtra’)

• शिवः: auspicious, gracious
• शिवः: Kartā (predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूः: be (become)
• भूः: (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• सखा: a friend
• सखा: Kartā (predicate noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि/सखा (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• शूरः: a hero, valiant
• शूरः: Kartā (predicate)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अविता: a protector
• अविता: Kartā (predicate noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवितृ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘protector’)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• नृणाम्: of men
• नृणाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Rgvedic attribution (imported into AV 20): Indra-stuti tradition; exact r̥ṣi varies by RV locus; AV 20 preserves RV material rather than a distinct Atharvanic r̥ṣi.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (Rgvedic-style)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Praise → alliance → request for graciousness in battle → settled friendship.","listener_experience":"Supported courage; sense of not fighting alone.","intensity":6}