Mantra 15

Sukta 93

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

आ यत् पतन्त्येन्यः सुदुघा अनपस्फुरः । अपस्फुरं गृभायत सोममिन्द्राय पातवे

IAST Transliteration

ā́ yát patánty enyáḥ sudúghā́ ánapsphuraḥ | apsphuráṃ gṛbhāyata sómam índrā́ya pātáve

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

When hither fly the swift ones, good-milking, never failing, then seize ye fast what would slip away: the Soma for Indra to drink.

Translation

ਜਦੋਂ ਤੇਜ਼ੀ ਨਾਲ ਇੱਥੇ ਵੱਲ ਉੱਡ ਕੇ ਆਉਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ, ਸੁਦੂਘਾ (ਚੰਗਾ ਦੁੱਧ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ), ਕਦੇ ਨਾ ਚੁੱਕਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ (ਅਨਪਸ੍ਫੁਰ) ਉਹ (ਧੇਨੂਆਂ/ਗਾਵਾਂ) ਆਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ, ਤਦ ਜੋ ਫਿਸਲ ਜਾਵੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ (ਅਪਸ੍ਫੁਰ) ਪੱਕੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਫੜੋ—ਇੰਦਰ ਦੇ ਪਾਨ ਲਈ ਸੌਮ।

Word by Word

• आ: towards; forth (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• यत्: which; that
• यत्: Karma (of पतन्ति) / or correlating relative
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पतन्ति: they fly; they fall
• पतन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (पतति)

• एन्यः: swift; active; impetuous (fem. pl.)
• एन्यः: Kartā (qualifier of implied feminine plural subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुदुघाः: yielding well; giving good milk (abundantly yielding)
• सुदुघाः: Kartā (qualifier of same subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दुघा (प्रातिपदिक; सु + दुह् ‘to milk’)

• अनपस्फुरः: not slipping away; not scattering; steady
• अनपस्फुरः: Kartā (qualifier) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन-अप-स्फुर (प्रातिपदिक; neg. a- + apasphura)

• अपस्फुरम्: not slipping away; firmly (as object-qualifier)
• अपस्फुरम्: Karma (of गृभायत) / Viśeṣaṇa of सोमम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप-स्फुर (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-भाव; ‘slipping away, scattering’)

• गृभायत: seize! grasp!
• गृभायत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह्/गृह् (गृभ्णाति; Vedic present stem गृभा-)

• सोमम्: Soma (the pressed soma-drink)
• सोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्राय: for Indra
• इन्द्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• पातवे: to drink; for drinking
• पातवे: Prayojana (purpose; dative of purpose) / aligns with Sampradāna-purpose
• Type: Kṛdanta (verbal noun/infinitive)
• Root: पा (धातु; ‘to drink’) → पातृ/पातव् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, infinitival dative)

Attribution

Rishi: RV-derived Indra-Soma tradition (specific r̥ṣi varies by anukramaṇī for this segment).

Devata: Indra (recipient); Soma (offering/power).

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From swift arrival of abundance to firm grasp and confident offering.","listener_experience":"Energized discipline; readiness to seize and hold what matters.","intensity":6}