Mantra 13

Sukta 14

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स यत् पितॄननु व्यचलद् यमो राजा भूत्वानुव्यऽचलत् स्वधाकारमन्नादं कृत्वा

IAST Transliteration

sá yát pitṝ́n ánu vyácalat yamó rājā́ bhūtvā́nv-ácalat svadhākārám annādáṃ kṛtvā́

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

When he went after the Fathers, becoming Yama the King he followed after, having made the Svadhā-call a Food-eater.

Translation

ਜਦੋਂ ਉਹ ਪਿਤਰਾਂ ਦੇ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਅਨੁਸਰਣ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੋਇਆ ਚਲਿਆ, ਤਾਂ ਯਮਰਾਜ ਬਣ ਕੇ ਉਹ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਚਲਿਆ; ਸ੍ਵਧਾਕਾਰ (ਸ੍ਵਧਾ-ਉਚਾਰ) ਨੂੰ ਅੰਨਾਦ (ਅੰਨ-ਭੱਖਣ ਵਾਲਾ) ਬਣਾ ਕੇ।

Word by Word

• सः: he (that one)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: when; as
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (relative) / Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यत् (अव्यय) संदर्भे

• पितॄन्: the fathers; ancestors
• पितॄन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: after; following
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• व्यचलत्: moved forth; went
• व्यचलत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: चल् (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग)

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)

• राजा: king
• राजा: Kartā (apposition to यमः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूत्वा: having become
• भूत्वा: —
• Type: Verbal derivative
• Root: भू (धातु)

• अनुव्यचलत्: followed; went after
• अनुव्यचलत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: चल् (धातु) + अनु + वि (उपसर्गौ)

• स्वधाकारम्: the svadhā-call/utterance (ancestral oblation-call)
• स्वधाकारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधाकार (प्रातिपदिक) [स्वधा + कार]

• अन्नादम्: food-eater; eater of food
• अन्नादम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अन्नाद (प्रातिपदिक) [अन्न + आद ‘eater’]

• कृत्वा: having made
• कृत्वा: —
• Type: Verbal derivative
• Root: कृ (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (sectional attribution variable).

Devata: Yama Rājā; Pitṛs; Svadhā as personified efficacy.

Chandas: Atharvanic prose/gāthā cadence.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"karuna","emotional_arc":"From the solemnity of following the Fathers to the calming assurance of proper order under Yama.","listener_experience":"Grave steadiness; a sense that death/ancestry is governed and can be harmonized through correct rite.","intensity":4}