Mantra 22

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यदन्ये शतं याचेयुर्ब्राह्मणा गोपतिं वशाम्। अथैनां देवा अब्रुवन्नेवं ह विदुषो वशा

IAST Transliteration

yád anyé śatáṃ yā́ceyur brāhmaṇā́ gopátiṃ vaśā́m | áthaínāṃ devā́ abruvann eváṃ ha vidúṣo vaśā́ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Though others, a hundred, should beg of the cattle-lord a Vashā-cow, then spake the Gods of her: ‘Thus, verily, the Vashā is the knowing man’s.’

Translation

ਭਾਵੇਂ ਹੋਰ ਸੌ ਜਣੇ ਵੀ ਗੋਪਤੀ (ਪਸ਼ੂਪਤੀ) ਕੋਲੋਂ ਵਸ਼ਾ-ਗਾਂ ਮੰਗਣ, ਤਦ ਦੇਵਤਿਆਂ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਕਿਹਾ: ‘ਇਉਂ ਹੀ ਨਿਸਚੇ—ਵਸ਼ਾ ਵਿਦੁਸ਼ (ਜਾਣਕਾਰ) ਪੁਰਖ ਦੀ ਹੈ।’

Word by Word

• यत्: which/that (thing)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्ये: others
• अन्ये: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• शतम्: a hundred
• शतम्: Karma
• Type: Numeral
• Root: शत (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)

• याचेयुः: might ask/beg
• याचेयुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: याच् (धातु)

• ब्राह्मणाः: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोपतिम्: the lord/guardian of cattle
• गोपतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपति (प्रातिपदिक)

• वशाम्: the cow (vashā; a cow/possibly a sacrificial cow)
• वशाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वशा (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथ: then
• अथ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)

• एनाम्: her/this (female)
• एनाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अब्रुवन्: said/spoke
• अब्रुवन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)

• ह: indeed/forsooth
• ह: —
• Type: Particle
• Root: ह (निपात)

• विदुषः: of the knowing one/wise man
• विदुषः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun (participle used substantively)
• Root: विद्वस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √विद्)

• वशा: the vashā-cow
• वशा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वशा (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (general for 12.4)

Devata: Devas as arbiters; Vashā as the contested gift-object

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Crowded solicitation → divine speech → settled order.","listener_experience":"Relief and assurance; sense of a fair rule.","intensity":4}