Mantra 19

Sukta 9

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

प्रब्लीनो मृदितः शयां हतो३मित्रो न्यर्बुदे । अग्निजिह्वा धूमशिखा जयन्तीर्यन्तु सेनया

IAST Transliteration

prá-blī́no mṛditáḥ śáyāṃ ható ’mítró ny àrbude | agní-jihvā́ dhū́ma-śikhā́ jáyantīr yantu sénayā́

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Crushed down, ground to dust, let the foe lie low—smitten down, O Arbuda. Let the fire-tongued, smoke-crested, victorious powers advance with our host.

Translation

ਕੁਚਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ, ਧੂੜ ਵਾਂਗ ਪਿਸਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ, ਵੈਰੀ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਪਿਆ ਰਹੇ—ਹੇ ਅਰਬੁਦ, ਉਹ ਹਤ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਢਹਿ ਪਵੇ। ਅਗਨਿਜਿਹਵਾ, ਧੂਮਸ਼ਿਖਾ, ਜਿੱਤਵਾਨ ਸ਼ਕਤੀਆਂ ਸਾਡੀ ਸੈਨਾ ਨਾਲ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧਣ।

Word by Word

• प्रब्ली॑नः: sunk down, collapsed
• प्रब्ली॑नः: Kartā (अन्तर्निहितः—‘अमित्रः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: प्र-√ब्लि (ब्लीन) / प्रब्लीना- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• मृदि॒तः: crushed, pressed down
• मृदि॒तः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—‘अमित्रः’)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: √मृद् (to crush/press) → मृदित-

• श॑याम्: (into) a lying-down state; to lie prostrate
• श॑याम्: Karma (गत्यर्थे/परिणामे—‘lying down’ as the resulting state)
• Type: Noun (verbal noun)
• Root: √शी (to lie) → शय- (कृदन्त/नामधातु-प्रातिपदिक) ; here as accusative of state/goal

• ह॒तः: slain, struck down
• ह॒तः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—‘अमित्रः’)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: √हन् (to strike/kill) → हत-

• अमित्रः: the enemy
• अमित्रः: Kartā (वाक्यस्य मुख्यः कर्ता—स्थितिवर्णने)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमित्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• नि: down, into
• नि: — (क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्गः)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अर्बुदे: in the swelling/tumor; in the ‘arbuda’ (lump)
• अर्बुदे: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/अवस्थानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्बुद- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निजिह्वाः: fire-tongued (flames)
• अग्निजिह्वाः: Kartā (यन्तु इत्यस्य कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अग्नि-जिह्वा- (समासः; प्रातिपदिक)

• धूमशिखाः: smoke-crested (flames)
• धूमशिखाः: Kartā (यन्तु इत्यस्य कर्तृ; ‘अग्निजिह्वाः’ इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: धूम-शिखा- (समासः; प्रातिपदिक)

• जयन्तीः: conquering, victorious
• जयन्तीः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—अग्निजिह्वा/धूमशिखा)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √जि (to conquer) → जयन्ती- (वर्तमानकृदन्त/विशेषण)

• यन्तु: let them go/advance
• यन्तु: — (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (to go) लोट्

• सेनया: with the army; by the host
• सेनया: Karaṇa (सह/साधनभावः—‘with/by an army’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेना- (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (hymn attributed in tradition to Atharvanic seers; exact r̥ṣi as per Anukramaṇī to be verified per edition)

Devata: Arbuda (personified crushing power) with martial Agni-like imagery

Chandas: Predominantly Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (editional metrical analysis required for exact assignment)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From crushing imprecation to triumphant forward motion with the host.","listener_experience":"Fierce resolve, protective aggression, heightened energy.","intensity":8}