Sutra 2

Devanagari script

तेषाममानितविमानितानियतयोरमानितं कृतार्थमानं युध्येत न विमानितमन्तःकोपम् ॥ कZ_०८.५.०२ ॥

Transliteration

teṣām amānitavimānitāniyatayor amānitaṃ kṛtārthamānaṃ yudhyeta na vimānitam antaḥkopam

Translation

ਉਹਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ—ਜਿਸ ਦਾ ਅਪਮਾਨ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਇਆ ਅਤੇ ਜਿਸ ਦਾ ਅਪਮਾਨ ਹੋਇਆ (ਇਸ ਲਈ ਅਣਨਿਸ਼ਚਿਤ)—ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੋਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ, ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਅਪਮਾਨ-ਰਹਿਤ ਨਾਲ ਲੜਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਦਾ ਮਾਣ ਤ੍ਰਿਪਤ ਤੇ ਸਥਿਰ ਹੈ; ਅਪਮਾਨਿਤ ਨਾਲ ਨਹੀਂ, ਜਿਸ ਦਾ ਗੁੱਸਾ ਅੰਦਰੋਂ ਅੰਦਰ ਭੜਕ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੋਵੇ।

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of those (persons)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Gen. pl.), पुं./नपुं.

• अमानित-विमानित-अनियतयोः: of the two (groups): the unhonoured/insulted and the unrestrained
• Type: Adjective (participial/derived) used substantively
• Root: अमानित / विमानित / अनियत
• Form: षष्ठी-द्विवचनम् (Gen. du.); समाहारः—‘अमानित’ (not honoured), ‘विमानित’ (insulted), ‘अनियत’ (unrestrained/undisciplined) — these two classes (as a pair)

• अमानितम्: the unhonoured person (one not shown respect)
• Type: Adjective (PPP) used as noun
• Root: अमानित
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Acc. sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्

• कृतार्थ-मानम्: (one) whose sense of honour is satisfied (honour after achieving the objective)
• Type: Noun phrase (compound)
• Root: कृतार्थ + मान
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Acc. sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘कृतार्थ’ (having achieved one’s purpose) qualifying ‘मान’ (honour/self-respect)

• युध्येत: should fight/engage in battle
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: लिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• न: not
• Type: Particle (negation)
• Root: न
• Form: निषेधः

• विमानितम्: the insulted person (one who has been dishonoured)
• Type: Adjective (PPP) used as noun
• Root: विमानित
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Acc. sg.), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्

• अन्तः-कोपम्: (one) with inward anger; internal resentment
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अन्तः + कोप
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Acc. sg.), पुंलिङ्गम्; ‘अन्तः’ = inwardly/within + ‘कोप’ = anger

Entities Mentioned

• commander/king (implicit)
• opponent troops/leader

More Details

FAQs

Why avoid an insulted (vimānita) opponent?

Humiliation can produce reckless, high-variance behavior (last-stand aggression), reducing predictability and increasing your downside risk even if they are weaker.