Sutra 11

Devanagari script

अपसृतातिक्षिप्तयोरपसृतमेकराज्यातिक्रान्तं मन्त्रव्यायामाभ्यां सत्त्रमित्रापाश्रयं युध्येत नातिक्षिप्तमनेकराज्यातिक्रान्तं बह्वाबाधत्वात् ॥ कZ_०८.५.११ ॥

Transliteration

apasṛtātikṣiptayor apasṛtam ekarājyātikrāntaṃ mantravyāyāmābhyāṃ sattramitrāpāśrayaṃ yudhyeta nātikṣiptam anekarājyātikrāntaṃ bahvābādhatvāt

Translation

ਪਿੱਛੇ ਹਟੀ ਹੋਈ ਫੌਜ ਅਤੇ ਹੱਦ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਫੈਲੀ ਹੋਈ ਫੌਜ—ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ, ਜੋ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਹਟੀ ਹੋਈ ਹੋਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਕੇਵਲ ਇੱਕ ਰਾਜ ਪਾਰ ਕਰਕੇ ਆਈ ਹੋਵੇ, ਉਸ ਨਾਲ ਸਲਾਹ-ਮਸ਼ਵਰੇ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਰਵਾਈਕ ਜਤਨ ਰਾਹੀਂ, ਮਿੱਤਰ-ਆਸਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਯੁੱਧ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ; ਜੋ ਹੱਦ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਫੈਲੀ ਹੋਈ ਹੋਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਕਈ ਰਾਜ ਪਾਰ ਕਰ ਚੁੱਕੀ ਹੋਵੇ, ਉਸ ਨਾਲ ਯੁੱਧ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ, ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਹੁਤੀਆਂ ਰੁਕਾਵਟਾਂ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• अपसृतातिक्षिप्तयोः: of the retreated and the over-extended (one)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अपसृ (अप+सृ), अतिक्षिप् (अति+क्षिप्)
• Form: षष्ठी-द्विवचनम् (m./n.); ‘of the retreated and the over-extended (king/army)’

• अपसृतम्: the retreated (one)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: अपसृ (अप+सृ)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (m./n.); कर्मपद—‘the retreated (one)’

• एकराज्यातिक्रान्तम्: one who has crossed into (only) one kingdom
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: एक, राज्य, अतिक्रम् (अति+क्रम्)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (m./n.); ‘one who has crossed into a single kingdom/one kingdom’s territory’

• मन्त्रव्यायामाभ्याम्: by counsel (strategy) and exertion (military effort)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्त्र, व्यायाम
• Form: तृतीया-द्विवचनम् (m./n.); करण—‘by counsel and exertion/force’

• सत्त्रमित्रापाश्रयम्: one supported by sattras (associations) and allies
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सत्त्र, मित्र, अपाश्रय (अप+आश्रय)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (m./n.); ‘one having refuge/support in sattras and allies’

• युध्येत: should fight
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: विधिलिङ्, आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; ‘should fight’

• न: not
• Type: Particle (negation)
• Root: न
• Form: निषेध

• अतिक्षिप्तम्: the over-extended (one)
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: अतिक्षिप् (अति+क्षिप्)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (m./n.); ‘the over-extended (one)’

• अनेकराज्यातिक्रान्तम्: one who has crossed into many kingdoms
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अनेक, राज्य, अतिक्रम् (अति+क्रम्)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (m./n.); ‘one who has crossed into many kingdoms’

• बह्वाबाधत्वात्: because of many impediments/harassments
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: बहु, आबाध, -त्व, (abl. -त्)
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (नपुंसक); हेतौ—‘because of much obstruction/harassment’

Entities Mentioned

• king
• enemy
• ally

More Details

FAQs

Why is an 'ati-kṣipta' (overextended) opponent not to be engaged here?

Kauṭilya flags that deep multi-kingdom penetration creates too many variables (routes, politics, supplies), making engagement costly and uncertain.