Sutra 42
Devanagari script
तौ हि सुखौ भेदयितुम् दुष्टश्चैको द्वाभ्यां नियन्तुं भेदोपग्रहं चोपगन्तुमिति ॥ कZ_०७.५.४२ ॥
Transliteration
tau hi sukhau bhedayitum duṣṭaś caiko dvābhyāṃ niyantuṃ bhedopagrahaṃ copagantum iti
Translation
ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਉਹ ਦੋ (ਸਮਤਾਕਤ ਵਾਲੇ) ਨੂੰ ਵੰਡਣਾ ਆਸਾਨ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ; ਅਤੇ ਜੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਦੁਸ਼ਟ ਹੋ ਜਾਵੇ, ਤਾਂ ਬਾਕੀ ਦੋ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਾਬੂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ; ਅਤੇ ਅਜਿਹੇ ਤ੍ਰਯ ਵਿੱਚ ਭੇਦ ਅਤੇ ਉਪਗ੍ਰਹ (ਲਾਲਚ/ਵਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਰਨਾ) ਵੀ ਵਰਤੇ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ।
Word by Word
तौthose two (persons/kings)
तौ:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formसर्वनाम; प्रथमा-द्विवचन; पुंलिङ्ग (सामान्यतः ‘तौ’ = those two)
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपात; अव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ
सुखौeasy (to handle) / manageable (the two are easy)
सुखौ:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसुख
Formप्रथमा-द्विवचन; पुंलिङ्ग (विशेषणरूपेण)
भेदयितुम्to divide / to sow dissension
भेदयितुम्:
TypeVerb (Infinitive)
Rootभिद्
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (infinitive); causative sense: ‘to cause to split’
दुष्टःa wicked/unscrupulous (person)
दुष्टः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदुष्ट
Formप्रथमा-एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग
चand
च:
TypeConjunction
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ
एकःone (person)
एकः:
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootएक
Formप्रथमा-एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग
द्वाभ्याम्by/with two (persons/means)
द्वाभ्याम्:
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वि
Formतृतीया-द्विवचन (instrumental dual)
नियन्तुम्to restrain / to control
नियन्तुम्:
TypeVerb (Infinitive)
Rootयम् (नि-यम्)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (infinitive)
भेदोपग्रहम्an auxiliary/lever for creating dissension
भेदोपग्रहम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभेद + उपग्रह
Formद्वितीया-एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘भेदस्य उपग्रहः’
चand
च:
TypeConjunction
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ
उपगन्तुम्to resort to / to undertake / to employ
उपगन्तुम्:
TypeVerb (Infinitive)
Rootगम् (उप-गम्)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (infinitive)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थ/उद्धरणचिह्न
Entities Mentioned
T
two equal alliesB
bad actor (duṣṭa)FAQs
Parity often creates competition over credit and spoils; a third party can exploit this with selective rewards, blame, or separate bargains.
Use dissension (bheda) alongside inducement/capture (upagraha)—splitting rivals while simultaneously recruiting or buying influence within them.