Sutra 18

Devanagari script

स्त्रियास्त्वर्धकर्म वाक्यानुयोगो वा ॥ कZ_०४.८.१८ ॥

Transliteration

striyās tv ardhakarma vākyānuyogo vā

Translation

ਔਰਤ ਲਈ ਅੱਧਾ ਸ਼੍ਰਮ, ਜਾਂ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਮੌਖਿਕ ਪੁੱਛਗਿੱਛ।

Word by Word

• स्त्रियाः: of a woman / of the wife
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम्, स्त्रीलिङ्गम्

• तु: but; however
• Type: Particle
• Root: तु
• Form: निपातः (अव्ययम्), विरोध/विशेषार्थकः

• अर्धकर्म: half the act/measure; (contextually) half-penalty or half-liability
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध + कर्मन्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अर्धं कर्म = अर्धकर्म)

• वाक्य-अनुयोगः: interrogation/examination by statements (questioning based on words/testimony)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य + अनुयोग
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वाक्यस्य अनुयोगः)

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: निपातः (अव्ययम्), विकल्पार्थकः

Entities Mentioned

• women
• judicial authority

More Details

FAQs

What policy tool does 4.8.18 provide administrators?

A graded response: reduce physical compulsion and prioritize questioning, lowering harm and coercion risk.