Sutra 51

Devanagari script

द्रव्यभोगानामागमं चास्यानुयुञ्जीत तस्य चार्थस्य व्यवहारोपलिङ्गनमभियोक्तुश्चार्थसामर्थ्यम् ॥ कZ_०३.१२.५१ ॥

Transliteration

dravyabhogānām āgamaṃ cāsya anuyuñjīta tasya ca arthasya vyavahāropaliṅganam abhiyoktuḥ ca arthasāmarthyam

Translation

ਉਹ ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਦੌਲਤ ਅਤੇ ਭੋਗਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਰੋਤ ਬਾਰੇ ਪੁੱਛਗਿੱਛ ਕਰੇ; ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਮਾਮਲੇ ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਅਸਲ ਲੈਣ-ਦੇਣ ਦੇ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ ਵੀ ਜਾਂਚੇ; ਅਤੇ ਮੁਦਈ/ਆਰੋਪਕਰਤਾ ਦੀ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ (ਦਾਅਵਾ ਚਲਾਉਣ/ਨਿਭਾਉਣ ਦੀ) ਵੀ ਵੇਖੇ।

Word by Word

• द्रव्यभोगानाम्: of (his) property and enjoyments/consumption
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रव्य; भोग
• Form: पुं/नपुं?; षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (समासान्तपद: भोग); ‘द्रव्य’ + ‘भोग’ = द्रव्यभोग (समाहार/उपभोग-सम्बन्धः), तस्य षष्ठी-बहुवचनम्

• आगमम्: income/receipts (source of acquisition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आ + गम्
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; ‘आगम’ = आगमन/प्राप्ति/आयः

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• अस्य: of him/of this (person)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं); ‘अस्य’ = ‘of him/this person’

• अनुयुञ्जीत: should inquire into / should examine
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + युज्
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; धातुः युज् (युनक्ति) ‘to employ/inquire/examine’; उपसर्गः अनु-

• तस्य: of that (person) / his
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• अर्थस्य: of the matter/wealth (in question)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; षष्ठी-एकवचनम्

• व्यवहारोपलिङ्गनम्: the ascertainment of indications/signs of the transaction/dispute
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवहार; उपलिङ्गन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; ‘व्यवहारस्य उपलिङ्गनम्’ = व्यवहारोपलिङ्गनम्

• अभियोक्तुः: of the plaintiff/accuser
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभि + वच् (√वच्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; षष्ठी-एकवचनम्; ‘अभियोक्तृ’ = अभियोगकर्ता/वादी

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• अर्थसामर्थ्यम्: the financial capacity/means (to support the claim)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ; सामर्थ्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; ‘अर्थस्य सामर्थ्यम्’ = अर्थसामर्थ्यम्

Entities Mentioned

• judge/royal officer
• accused/party examined
• accuser/complainant

More Details

FAQs

What kinds of proof are prioritized here?

Practical indicia of transactions (vyavahāra-upaliṅga) and plausibility checks via the source of wealth/enjoyment, alongside assessing whether the accuser can realistically sustain the claim.

What governance problem does assessing the accuser’s capacity address?

It deters frivolous or extortionate accusations by ensuring the complainant has standing and resources consistent with the asserted transaction.