Shloka 21

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

यश्चैषजाम्बूनदवज्रजुष्टंदीप्तंसधूमंपरिघंप्रगृह्य ।आयातिरक्षोबलकेतुभूतःसोऽसौनिकुम्भोऽद्भुतघोरकर्मा ।।6.59.21।।

Transliteration

yaś caiṣa jāmbūnada-vajra-juṣṭaṃ dīptaṃ sadhūmaṃ parighaṃ pragṛhya |

āyāti rakṣo-bala-ketu-bhūtaḥ so ’sau nikumbho ’dbhuta-ghora-karmā ||6.59.21||

Translation

ଏହି ଜଣେ ଜାମ୍ବୂନଦ ସୁବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଓ ବଜ୍ରରେ ଜଡିତ, ଧୂମ୍ର ଦୀପ୍ତି ସହ ଜ୍ୱଳନ୍ତ ପରିଘ ଧରି, ରାକ୍ଷସବଳର କେତୁ ସ୍ୱରୂପ ହୋଇ ଆଗେଇ ଆସୁଛି—ସେ ଅଦ୍ଭୁତ ଓ ଘୋର କର୍ମକାରୀ ନିକୁମ୍ଭ।

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एष: this (one)
• एष: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• जाम्बूनद-वज्र-जुष्टम्: studded with gold and diamonds
• जाम्बूनद-वज्र-जुष्टम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जाम्बूनद (प्रातिपदिक) + वज्र (प्रातिपदिक) + जुष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (copulative): जाम्बूनदं च वज्रं च; ताभ्यां जुष्टम् (studded/ornamented); नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• दीप्तम्: shining
• दीप्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √दीप् (धातु) → दीप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• स-धूमम्: smoky, with smoke
• स-धूमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ) + धूम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावः: धूमेन सह (with smoke); नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• परिघम्: iron club/bar
• परिघम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parigha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• प्रगृह्य: having seized
• प्रगृह्य: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र-√ग्रह् (धातु) → प्रगृह्य (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, अव्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund): having seized

• आयाति: comes
• आयाति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√या (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचन (3rd person singular)

• रक्षः-बल-केतु-भूतः: acting as the standard/leader of the rākṣasa army
• रक्षः-बल-केतु-भूतः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) + केतु (प्रातिपदिक) + भूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुषः: रक्षसां बलस्य केतुः (standard/leader) इव भूतः; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• असौ: that one
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• निकुम्भः: Nikumbha
• निकुम्भः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nikumbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• अद्भुत-घोर-कर्मा: whose deeds are wondrous and terrible
• अद्भुत-घोर-कर्मा: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक) + घोर (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समासः: अद्भुतं घोरं कर्म यस्य; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

Context

"There comes Kumbha whose form is like a cloud in form, whose chest is fleshy and broad. He is fully prepared, coming with a sign of the king of serpents (Vasuki) stretching his bow."

Characters & Entities

• Nikumbha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse contrasts fame built on fearsome deeds with dharmic renown built on protection and truth; not all “glory” is ethically equal.

What is the narrative situation?

Nikumbha is introduced as a leading figure of the rākṣasa forces, wielding a formidable club.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commanding presence and destructive capability are emphasized, framed by the epic as ethically perilous when severed from dharma.